INRA, UR1303 ALISS, F-94200 Ivry-sur-Seine, France.
INRA, UR1303 ALISS, F-94200 Ivry-sur-Seine, France.
Soc Sci Med. 2017 Nov;192:18-27. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.09.006. Epub 2017 Sep 14.
Individuals rarely achieve investment activities characterised by up-front costs and delayed benefits. Point-of-decision prompts (PDPs) provide information about a better alternative or a deterrent to the behavioural standard at the moment the decision is made and may affect behaviour by helping individuals perform this type of investment activities. We conducted a field experiment to assess the effects of a PDP intervention that encourages taking the stairs rather than the escalator in three Paris (France) Metro stations for eight weeks from April to July 2014. In total, we followed up 205 individuals and the data show that PDPs have an immediate, albeit decaying, peaked effect on individuals' stair use, with a stronger effect when weak physical effort is made salient. However, the intervention did not change individuals' stair-use habits. In the best-case scenario, the effects last two weeks after the intervention ends. Our preferred explanation is that PDPs act as "cues" but people become accustomed to them and in the end no longer notice them. These findings suggest that a PDP intervention is not sufficient to modify individuals investment in activities with immediate costs and delayed benefits in the long-run.
个人很少能从事具有前期成本和延迟收益的投资活动。决策点提示（PDP）在做出决策时提供有关更好替代方案或行为标准威慑的信息，可能通过帮助个人进行这种类型的投资活动来影响行为。我们进行了一项现场实验，以评估 PDP 干预措施的效果，该干预措施鼓励在 2014 年 4 月至 7 月的 8 周内，在巴黎（法国）三个地铁站使用楼梯而不是自动扶梯。我们总共跟踪了 205 个人，数据显示 PDP 对个人使用楼梯有即时的、尽管逐渐减弱的影响，在强调体力较弱的情况下，效果更强。然而，干预并没有改变个人使用楼梯的习惯。在最佳情况下，干预结束两周后效果仍然存在。我们首选的解释是，PDP 充当“提示”，但人们会习惯它们，最终不再注意它们。这些发现表明，PDP 干预措施不足以从长远来看改变个人对具有即时成本和延迟收益的活动的投资。
