Pathirathna Malshani L, Abeywickrama Hansani M, Sekijima Kayoko, Sadakata Mieko, Fujiwara Naoshi, Muramatsu Yoshiyuki, Wimalasiri Kuruppu M S, Jayawardene Upali, de Silva Darshana, Dematawewa Chandraratne M B
Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, 2-746, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8518, Japan.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka.
Healthcare (Basel). 2017 Sep 26;5(4):64. doi: 10.3390/healthcare5040064.
Low birth weight is a key public health problem in many developing countries, including Sri Lanka. Indoor air pollution from tobacco smoke and kitchen-fuel smoke are among the major contributors to low birth weight, factors of which there are little awareness of in Sri Lanka. We evaluated the effect of passive smoking and kitchen-fuel smoke exposure on birth weight. Seventy-six pregnant women were included in the study. Data were collected by questionnaire, and exposure assessment was conducted using a breath carbon monoxide monitor. Women exposed to second-hand tobacco smoke daily had a significantly lower mean gestational age at delivery (mean ± standard error [SE]: 38.0 ± 0.5 weeks) than women who were exposed to second-hand tobacco smoke only once a week (mean ± SE: 39.3 ± 0.3 weeks) ( < 0.05). Women who were exposed to tobacco smoke every day delivered neonates with significantly lower mean birth weight (mean ± SE: 2703 ± 135 g) than women who were only exposed once a week (mean ± SE: 3125 ± 147 g) ( < 0.05). A one-minute increase in cooking time in a kitchen without a chimney increased women's expired air carbon monoxide concentration by 0.038 ppm ( = 0.006). Long-term exposure to wood-fuel smoke in a kitchen without a chimney can increase the risk of inhaling high concentrations of carbon monoxide.
低体重出生是包括斯里兰卡在内的许多发展中国家面临的一个关键公共卫生问题。烟草烟雾和厨房燃料烟雾造成的室内空气污染是导致低体重出生的主要因素，而在斯里兰卡，人们对这些因素的认识很少。我们评估了被动吸烟和接触厨房燃料烟雾对出生体重的影响。76名孕妇被纳入该研究。通过问卷调查收集数据，并使用呼气一氧化碳监测仪进行暴露评估。每天接触二手烟草烟雾的女性在分娩时的平均孕周（平均值±标准误[SE]：38.0±0.5周）显著低于每周仅接触一次二手烟草烟雾的女性（平均值±SE：39.3±0.3周）（P<0.05）。每天接触烟草烟雾的女性所分娩新生儿的平均出生体重（平均值±SE：2703±135克）显著低于每周仅接触一次的女性（平均值±SE：3125±147克）（P<0.05）。在没有烟囱的厨房中烹饪时间每增加一分钟，女性呼出气体中的一氧化碳浓度就会增加0.038 ppm（P=0.006）。长期在没有烟囱的厨房中接触木柴燃料烟雾会增加吸入高浓度一氧化碳的风险。
