印度南部一家三级护理中心支气管哮喘和/或变应性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的变应原敏感性模式
Pattern of Allergen Sensitivity among Patients with Bronchial Asthma and/or Allergic Rhinosinusitis in a Tertiary Care Centre of Southern India.
作者信息
Chogtu Bharti, Magaji Neha, Magazine Rahul, Acharya Preetam R
机构信息
Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Senior Resident, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, M S Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
出版信息
J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Aug;11(8):OC01-OC04. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/26973.10328. Epub 2017 Aug 1.
INTRODUCTION
The distribution of aeroallergens varies among various geographical areas of India and the knowledge of allergen sensitivity pattern in this part of Southern Indian (Karnataka) is limited. This data can provide clinically useful information and better understanding of common allergies prevalent in this area.
AIM
To study the pattern of allergen sensitivity among patients with bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinosinusitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this retrospective study, patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis who underwent skin prick testing, were included in the study. Patients who had taken drugs that could affect the test results, within one week prior to testing were excluded. Also, patients on long-acting oral antihistamines within four weeks of testing and pregnant women were excluded. A total of 64 antigens were used which included eight types of pollens, eight types of dusts, six types of fungi, eight types of insects, two types of danders, wool and 31 types of food items. Skin prick testing was done as per standard protocol.
RESULTS
Out of 2219 patients, 1193 (53.8%) were males and 1026 (46.2%) were females. The mean age of the subjects was 41.47 (±14) years. There were 740 (33.3%) patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma, 357 (16.1%) allergic rhinitis and 1122 (50.6%) had both bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. Overall the highest percentage of skin-prick test positivity was found among insect allergens (24.45%) followed by dust (24.21%), grass and tree pollen (20.57%), fungus (13.92%) and food allergens (9.28%), in that order. Among the individual allergens, the highest percentage of skin-prick test positivity was present in rice grain dust allergen (33.30%) and the least common was chicken allergen (4.40%).
CONCLUSION
Among the allergen groups, insects and dusts elicited the highest percentage of skin-prick test positive results. Whereas, among all the individual allergens rice grain dust elicited highest percentage of positives.
引言
印度不同地理区域的气传变应原分布各异，而印度南部这一地区（卡纳塔克邦）变应原敏感性模式的相关知识有限。这些数据可为临床提供有用信息，并有助于更好地了解该地区常见的过敏情况。
目的
研究支气管哮喘和/或变应性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的变应原敏感性模式。
材料与方法
在这项回顾性研究中，纳入了接受皮肤点刺试验的支气管哮喘和/或变应性鼻炎患者。排除在试验前一周内服用过可能影响试验结果药物的患者。此外，排除在试验四周内服用长效口服抗组胺药的患者以及孕妇。共使用了64种抗原，包括8种花粉、8种粉尘、6种真菌、8种昆虫、2种皮屑、羊毛以及31种食物。皮肤点刺试验按照标准方案进行。
结果
在2219名患者中，男性1193名（53.8%），女性1026名（46.2%）。受试者的平均年龄为41.47（±14）岁。诊断为支气管哮喘的患者有740名（33.3%），变应性鼻炎患者357名（16.1%），同时患有支气管哮喘和变应性鼻炎的患者1122名（50.6%）。总体而言，皮肤点刺试验阳性率最高的是昆虫变应原（24.45%），其次是粉尘（24.21%）、草和树花粉（20.57%）、真菌（13.92%）和食物变应原（9.28%），顺序依次如此。在各个变应原中，皮肤点刺试验阳性率最高的是稻谷粉尘变应原（33.30%），最不常见的是鸡肉变应原（4.40%）。
结论
在变应原组中，昆虫和粉尘引起的皮肤点刺试验阳性率最高。而在所有单个变应原中，稻谷粉尘引起的阳性率最高。
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