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评估阿片类药物依赖治疗结局的指标存在较大差异:一项纵向观察研究的系统评价。

Large variation in measures used to assess outcomes of opioid dependence treatment: A systematic review of longitudinal observational studies.

机构信息

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Lisbon, Portugal.

National Drug & Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

出版信息

Drug Alcohol Rev. 2018 Apr;37 Suppl 1:S323-S338. doi: 10.1111/dar.12608. Epub 2017 Oct 2.

DOI:10.1111/dar.12608
PMID:28971544
Abstract

ISSUES

Treatment outcomes for drug users are critical for informing policy and therapeutic practice. The coherence of outcomes, changes and drug use measures from observational studies on opioid use treatment were reviewed.

APPROACH

Systematic review of the literature for longitudinal observational studies, from 1980 through November 2015, in all languages, with data on treated opioid users, using Pubmed, the Cochrane Library and additional strategies (e.g. Pubmed function 'related citations' and checking reference lists of eligible studies).

KEY FINDINGS

Twenty-seven studies were included (11 countries, 85 publications, recruitment 1962-2009). Baseline n was >65 686 and median follow-up 34.5 months (21 studies) or 51.4 person-months (10 studies). Eight outcome domains were identified: 'drug use' (21/27 studies), 'crime' (13), 'health' (13), 'treatment-related' outcomes (16), 'social functioning' (13), 'harms' (8), 'mortality' (13) and 'economic estimates' (2 studies). All studies using drug use outcomes included a binary (abstinence) category in at least one measure. Studies typically reported outcomes on less than half (on average 3.7 or 46%) of the eight outcome domains, while the average was 5.1 (64%) in seven studies initiated since 2000.

IMPLICATIONS AND CONCLUSION

Wide variation exists in outcome measures found in longitudinal observational studies of treatment of opioid users. This reduces replicability of studies and suggests a lack of common expectations on treatment success. Future studies should consider using all or most of eight outcome domains identified (excluding economic analyses if unfeasible), non-binary measures and amount/value of drugs used and consensus meetings with joint ownership of scientific, treatment and patient communities.

摘要

问题

药物使用者的治疗结果对于为政策和治疗实践提供信息至关重要。本文综述了观察性研究中关于阿片类药物使用治疗的结果、变化和药物使用测量的一致性。

方法

对 1980 年至 2015 年 11 月间所有语言的纵向观察性研究文献进行系统综述,研究对象为接受治疗的阿片类药物使用者,使用的数据库包括 Pubmed、Cochrane 图书馆和其他策略(例如 Pubmed 功能“相关引文”和检查合格研究的参考文献列表)。

主要发现

共纳入 27 项研究(11 个国家,85 篇文献,1962-2009 年招募)。基线 n 值>65686,中位随访时间 34.5 个月(21 项研究)或 51.4 人月(10 项研究)。确定了 8 个结果领域:“药物使用”(27 项研究中的 21 项)、“犯罪”(13 项)、“健康”(13 项)、“治疗相关”结果(16 项)、“社会功能”(13 项)、“危害”(8 项)、“死亡率”(13 项)和“经济估计”(2 项研究)。所有使用药物使用结果的研究至少在一项测量中包含一个二分(禁欲)类别。研究通常报告的结果不到 8 个结果领域的一半(平均 3.7 或 46%),而在 2000 年以后开始的 7 项研究中,平均为 5.1(64%)。

结论

在对阿片类药物使用者治疗的纵向观察性研究中,存在广泛的结果测量方法差异。这降低了研究的可重复性,并表明对治疗成功缺乏共同期望。未来的研究应考虑使用确定的 8 个结果领域中的全部或大部分(如果不可行,则不包括经济分析)、非二分测量以及使用的药物数量/价值,以及由科学、治疗和患者社区共同拥有的共识会议。

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