Shimato Yohta, Ota Misato, Asai Kohshi, Atsumi Toshiyuki, Tabuchi Yoshiaki, Makino Toshiaki
Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 4678603, Japan.
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyusyu University of Health and Welfare, 1714-1 Yoshino-machi, Nobeoka, Miyazaki, 8828508, Japan.
J Nat Med. 2018 Jan;72(1):192-201. doi: 10.1007/s11418-017-1131-4. Epub 2017 Oct 5.
The Japanese Pharmacopoeia defines byakujutsu (Atractylodes rhizome) as the rhizome of Atractylodes japonica or A. macrocephala and sojutsu (Atractylodes lancea rhizome) as the rhizome of A. lancea, A. chinensis, or their interspecific hybrids. Because their pharmaceutical uses differ in traditional Japanese Kampo medicine and traditional Chinese medicine, with less apparent scientific evidence, we compared the pharmacological properties between byakujutsu and sojutsu. Crude drug specimens of byakujutsu (n = 40) and sojutsu (n = 49) obtained in markets were identified by their species using DNA profiling. Their pharmacological properties were evaluated by the inhibitory effect of a MeOH extract of the samples on nitric oxide (NO) production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells and by the inducing effect of boiling water extract of the samples on granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) secretion from murine normal colonic epithelial MCE301 cells. We authenticated A. macrocephala (n = 8), A. japonica (n = 35), and the hybrid between A. macrocephala and A. japonica (n = 1), and they were used as byakujutsu. We authenticated A. chinensis (n = 25), A. lancea (n = 14), and the hybrid between A. chinensis and A. lancea (n = 6), and they were used as sojutsu. The inhibitory effects of byakujutsu on NO production were significantly higher than those of sojutsu (P < 0.05). This activity of A. japonica rhizome was significantly higher than that of A. macrocephala rhizome and A. lancea rhizome (P < 0.01). The activity of A. chinensis rhizome was significantly higher than that of A. lancea rhizome (P < 0.05). The extract of A. japonica rhizome significantly induced G-CSF secretion from MCE301 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. These effects of byakujutsu samples were not significantly different from those of sojutsu samples. A. japonica rhizome had significantly higher activity than A. macrocephala rhizome; however, there were no statistically significant differences among A. japonica, A. chinensis, and A. lancea. The pharmacological differences of byakujutsu and sojutsu may not be large among highly variated crude drug samples with average values, and quality control with the identification of the original plant species of byakujutsu and sojutsu may guarantee their pharmacological properties.
《日本药局方》将白术（白术根茎）定义为日本白术或白术的根茎，将苍术术（苍术根茎）定义为苍术、茅苍术或它们的种间杂种的根茎。由于它们在传统日本汉方医学和传统中医中的药用有所不同，且科学证据不太明显，我们比较了白术和苍术术的药理特性。通过DNA分析对在市场上获得的白术（n = 40）和苍术术（n = 49）的生药标本进行物种鉴定。通过样品的甲醇提取物对脂多糖刺激的小鼠巨噬细胞样RAW264.7细胞产生一氧化氮（NO）的抑制作用以及样品的沸水提取物对小鼠正常结肠上皮MCE301细胞分泌粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）的诱导作用来评估它们的药理特性。我们鉴定出白术（n = 8）、日本白术（n = 35）以及白术和日本白术的杂种（n = 1），并将它们用作白术。我们鉴定出茅苍术（n = 25）、苍术（n = 14）以及茅苍术和苍术的杂种（n = 6），并将它们用作苍术术。白术对NO产生的抑制作用显著高于苍术术（P < 0.05）。日本白术根茎的这种活性显著高于白术根茎和苍术根茎（P < 0.01）。茅苍术根茎的活性显著高于苍术根茎（P < 0.05）。日本白术根茎提取物以浓度依赖的方式显著诱导MCE301细胞分泌G-CSF。白术样品的这些作用与苍术术样品的作用没有显著差异。日本白术根茎的活性显著高于白术根茎；然而，日本白术、茅苍术和苍术之间在统计学上没有显著差异。在具有平均值的高度变异的生药样品中，白术和苍术术的药理差异可能不大，通过鉴定白术和苍术术的原植物物种进行质量控制可能保证它们的药理特性。
