Enders G, Nickerl-Pacher U, Miller E, Cradock-Watson J E
Institut für Medizinische Virologie und Infektionsepidemiologie, Stuttgart, Federal Republic of Germany.
Lancet. 1988 Jun 25;1(8600):1445-7. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(88)92249-0.
61 pregnant women in whom confirmed rubella occurred from 5 weeks before to 6 weeks after the last menstrual period (LMP) were followed up prospectively. In 39, the pregnancy was terminated and the fetal tissues or mixed products of conception were examined for rubella virus. In 22, the pregnancy continued to term and cord serum was tested for specific IgM antibody. No evidence of intrauterine infection was found in 38 pregnancies in which the mother's rash appeared before, or within 11 days after, the last menstrual period. The shortest interval at which fetal infection occurred was when the rash appeared 12 days after the last menstrual period. All 10 pregnancies in which the rash appeared 3-6 weeks after the last menstrual period resulted in fetal infection: 4 of these pregnancies went to term, and all 4 infants were damaged. The risk to the fetus when rubella occurs before the mother's last menstrual period is probably negligible.
对61例在末次月经（LMP）前5周至末次月经后6周确诊风疹的孕妇进行了前瞻性随访。其中39例终止妊娠，对胎儿组织或混合妊娠产物进行风疹病毒检测。22例继续妊娠至足月，检测脐带血清特异性IgM抗体。在38例孕妇中，若母亲皮疹出现在末次月经前或末次月经后11天内，未发现宫内感染证据。胎儿感染发生的最短间隔是皮疹出现在末次月经后12天。末次月经后3 - 6周出现皮疹的所有10例妊娠均导致胎儿感染：其中4例妊娠至足月，4例婴儿均有损害。母亲末次月经前发生风疹时，胎儿感染风险可能可忽略不计。
