Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA.
Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 6;7(1):12770. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-12846-x.
To assess the metabolically beneficial effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), C57BL/6J mice were fed a low- or high-fat diet for 16 weeks with or without 2% (w/w) fenugreek supplementation. Body weight, body composition, energy expenditure, food intake, and insulin/glucose tolerance were measured regularly, and tissues were collected for histological and biochemical analysis after 16 weeks of diet exposure. Fenugreek did not alter body weight, fat mass, or food intake in either group, but did transiently improve glucose tolerance in high fat-fed mice. Fenugreek also significantly improved high-density lipoprotein to low-density lipoprotein ratios in high fat-fed mice without affecting circulating total cholesterol, triglycerides, or glycerol levels. Fenugreek decreased hepatic expression of fatty acid-binding protein 4 and increased subcutaneous inguinal adipose tissue expression of adiponectin, but did not prevent hepatic steatosis. Notably, fenugreek was not as effective at improving glucose tolerance as was four days of voluntary wheel running. Overall, our results demonstrate that fenugreek promotes metabolic resiliency via significant and selected effects on glucose regulation, hyperlipidemia, and adipose pathology; but may not be as effective as behavioral modifications at preventing the adverse metabolic consequences of a high fat diet.
为了评估葫芦巴（Trigonella foenum-graecum）的代谢益处，用低脂肪或高脂肪饮食喂养 C57BL/6J 小鼠 16 周，同时或不添加 2%（w/w）的葫芦巴补充剂。定期测量体重、身体成分、能量消耗、食物摄入量，并且在 16 周饮食暴露后收集组织进行组织学和生化分析。葫芦巴对两组的体重、脂肪量或食物摄入量均无影响，但可短暂改善高脂肪饮食喂养的小鼠的葡萄糖耐量。葫芦巴还显著提高了高脂肪饮食喂养的小鼠高密度脂蛋白与低密度脂蛋白的比值，而不影响循环总胆固醇、甘油三酯或甘油水平。葫芦巴降低了肝脏脂肪酸结合蛋白 4 的表达，增加了腹股沟皮下脂肪组织脂联素的表达，但不能预防肝脂肪变性。值得注意的是，与四天的自愿轮跑相比，葫芦巴改善葡萄糖耐量的效果并不理想。总的来说，我们的结果表明，葫芦巴通过对葡萄糖调节、高血脂和脂肪组织病理学的显著和选择性作用，促进代谢适应；但在预防高脂肪饮食的不良代谢后果方面，可能不如行为改变有效。
