University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
Schena Foundation, Valenzano, Italy.
Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2018 Jul 1;33(7):1094-1102. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfx211.
The diagnosis of glomerular diseases is based on the evaluation of histological lesions in renal tissue by means of light and electronic microscopy, and immunofluorescence technique. Frozen and archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded kidney biopsies represent a stored resource for high-throughput technologies. Transcriptomics makes it possible to study the whole gene-expression profile of cells and tissues in a specific period and/or condition. The results, whether considered alone or integrated with other omics data, could help to improve existing knowledge about the pathogenetic mechanisms of glomerulopathies.
This review describes the molecular analysis of histological lesions obtained by transcriptomics in glomerular diseases, such as minimal change disease, focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis, IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis and diabetic nephropathy.
Of 716 articles obtained through database searches, 19 relevant articles were considered for the systematic review. Transcriptomics in kidney biopsy from patients with glomerular diseases have generated new insights on a few promising genes, illustrated in each disease section, which may be considered important targets for the care of these diseases.
Transcriptomics is an untapped resource for precision nephrology. Moreover, the integration of transcriptomics and systems pharmacology could predict the best drug combination to revert a pathological condition by targeting disease-specific molecular networks.
肾小球疾病的诊断基于通过光镜和电子显微镜以及免疫荧光技术对肾组织的组织学损伤进行评估。冷冻和存档的福尔马林固定石蜡包埋肾活检代表了高通量技术的存储资源。转录组学使得研究特定时期和/或条件下细胞和组织的整个基因表达谱成为可能。这些结果，无论是单独考虑还是与其他组学数据集成，都有助于提高对肾小球疾病发病机制的现有认识。
本综述描述了通过转录组学对肾小球疾病（如微小病变性肾病、局灶节段性肾小球硬化症、IgA 肾病、狼疮性肾炎和糖尿病肾病）的组织学损伤进行的分子分析。
通过数据库搜索获得了 716 篇文章，其中有 19 篇相关文章被纳入系统综述。对患有肾小球疾病的患者的肾活检进行转录组学分析，在每个疾病部分都产生了一些有希望的基因的新见解，这些基因可能被认为是这些疾病治疗的重要靶点。
转录组学是精准肾脏病学的未开发资源。此外，转录组学与系统药理学的整合可以通过靶向特定疾病的分子网络来预测最佳药物组合以逆转病理状况。
