Wang Pei, Wang Ronghui, Zhu Yingdong, Sang Shengmin
Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus , Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States.
J Agric Food Chem. 2017 Nov 8;65(44):9618-9625. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02850. Epub 2017 Oct 20.
[6]-Shogaol (6S), one of the major bioactive components in dry ginger, is attracting considerable attention because of its wide spectrum of biological activities, but its metabolic fate is still not fully understood. In the present study, the microbial metabolism of 6S was examined for the first time in in vitro batch fecal fermentation system and in mice. Two major microbial metabolites were detected and identified as 1-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-decan-3-ol (M9) and 1-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-decan-3-one (M11). Our results indicated that reductions of the double bond and the ketone group are the major metabolic pathways of 6S by the human gut microbiota. We also observed the interindividual variability in the metabolism of M11 to M9 by human gut microbiota. In addition, we demonstrated that the glucuronidated form of 6S and its metabolites could be rapidly deconjugated by human gut microbiota and in mice, which can be regarded as a reactive process taking place in the intestinal tract. To our knowledge, this is the first report involving the identification of the microbial metabolites of 6S in an in vitro fermentation system, and the first demonstration of the critical role of gut microbiota in producing the bioactive free form of 6S and its metabolites in the intestinal tract in mice.
[6]-姜辣素（6S）是干姜中的主要生物活性成分之一，因其广泛的生物活性而备受关注，但其代谢命运仍未完全明确。在本研究中，首次在体外批次粪便发酵系统和小鼠体内研究了6S的微生物代谢。检测并鉴定出两种主要的微生物代谢产物，分别为1-（4'-羟基-3'-甲氧基苯基）-癸-3-醇（M9）和1-（4'-羟基-3'-甲氧基苯基）-癸-3-酮（M11）。我们的结果表明，双键和酮基的还原是人类肠道微生物群对6S的主要代谢途径。我们还观察到人类肠道微生物群将M11代谢为M9存在个体差异。此外，我们证明6S及其代谢产物的葡萄糖醛酸化形式可被人类肠道微生物群和小鼠迅速去结合，这可被视为肠道中发生的一个反应过程。据我们所知，这是首次在体外发酵系统中鉴定6S的微生物代谢产物的报告，也是首次证明肠道微生物群在小鼠肠道中产生6S及其代谢产物的生物活性游离形式中的关键作用。
