Dincau Brian M, Lee Yongkuk, Kim Jong-Hoon, Yeo Woon-Hong
School of Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA.
George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30313, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2017 Oct 11;17(10):2316. doi: 10.3390/s17102316.
Early disease diagnostics require rapid, sensitive, and selective detection methods for target analytes. Specifically, early viral detection in a point-of-care setting is critical in preventing epidemics and the spread of disease. However, conventional methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or cell cultures are cumbersome and difficult for field use due to the requirements of extensive lab equipment and highly trained personnel, as well as limited sensitivity. Recent advances in nanoparticle concentration have given rise to many novel detection methodologies, which address the shortcomings in modern clinical assays. Here, we review the primary, well-characterized methods for nanoparticle concentration in the context of viral detection via diffusion, centrifugation and microfiltration, electric and magnetic fields, and nano-microfluidics. Details of the concentration mechanisms and examples of related applications provide valuable information to design portable, integrated sensors. This study reviews a wide range of concentration techniques and compares their advantages and disadvantages with respect to viral particle detection. We conclude by highlighting selected concentration methods and devices for next-generation biosensing systems.
早期疾病诊断需要针对目标分析物的快速、灵敏且具有选择性的检测方法。具体而言，在即时护理环境中进行早期病毒检测对于预防流行病和疾病传播至关重要。然而，诸如酶联免疫吸附测定或细胞培养等传统方法由于需要大量实验室设备和训练有素的人员，且灵敏度有限，因而操作繁琐且难以用于现场检测。纳米颗粒浓缩技术的最新进展催生了许多新颖的检测方法，这些方法弥补了现代临床检测中的不足。在此，我们回顾了在通过扩散、离心和微滤、电场和磁场以及纳米微流体进行病毒检测的背景下，用于纳米颗粒浓缩的主要且特征明确的方法。浓缩机制的细节以及相关应用实例为设计便携式集成传感器提供了有价值的信息。本研究回顾了广泛的浓缩技术，并比较了它们在病毒颗粒检测方面的优缺点。我们通过突出选定的用于下一代生物传感系统的浓缩方法和设备来得出结论。
