Department of Polymer Science and ∥Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States.
Biomacromolecules. 2017 Dec 11;18(12):4171-4183. doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01222. Epub 2017 Oct 25.
Polymer-bioceramic composites incorporate the desirable properties of each material while mitigating the limiting characteristics of each component. 1,6-Hexanediol l-phenylalanine-based poly(ester urea) (PEU) blended with hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocrystals were three-dimensional (3D) printed into porous scaffolds (75% porosity) via fused deposition modeling and seeded with MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cells in vitro to examine their bioactivity. The resulting 3D printed scaffolds exhibited a compressive modulus of ∼50 MPa after a 1-week incubation in PBS at 37 °C, cell viability >95%, and a composition-dependent enhancement of radio-contrast. The influence of HA on MC3T3-E1 proliferation and differentiation was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry and biochemical assays. After 4 weeks, alkaline phosphatase activity increased significantly for the 30% HA composite with values reaching 2.5-fold greater than the control. Bone sialoprotein showed approximately 880-fold higher expression and 15-fold higher expression of osteocalcin on the 30% HA composite compared to those of the control. Calcium quantification results demonstrated a 185-fold increase of calcium concentration in mineralized extracellular matrix deposition after 4 weeks of cell culture in samples with higher HA content. 3D printed HA-containing PEU composites promote bone regeneration and have the potential to be used in orthopedic applications.
聚合物-生物陶瓷复合材料结合了各材料的理想特性，同时减轻了各组分的限制特性。1,6-己二醇 L-苯丙氨酸基聚（酯脲）（PEU）与羟基磷灰石（HA）纳米晶体混合，通过熔融沉积建模 3D 打印成多孔支架（孔隙率为 75%），并在体外接种 MC3T3-E1 前成骨细胞，以研究其生物活性。在 37°C 的 PBS 中孵育 1 周后，所得 3D 打印支架的压缩模量约为 50MPa，细胞活力>95%，并具有与组成相关的增强的放射对比度。使用定量实时聚合酶链反应、免疫组织化学和生化测定来测量 HA 对 MC3T3-E1 增殖和分化的影响。4 周后，碱性磷酸酶活性在 30%HA 复合材料中显著增加，其值比对照增加了 2.5 倍。与对照相比，骨唾液蛋白在 30%HA 复合材料上的表达增加了约 880 倍，骨钙蛋白的表达增加了 15 倍。钙定量结果表明，在含有更高 HA 含量的样本中，细胞培养 4 周后，矿化细胞外基质沉积中的钙浓度增加了 185 倍。含 HA 的 3D 打印 PEU 复合材料促进骨再生，有潜力用于骨科应用。
