Liere Victoria, Sandhu Gurkarminder, DeMorrow Sharon
Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Temple, TX, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott & White, Temple, TX, USA.
F1000Res. 2017 Sep 4;6:1637. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.11938.1. eCollection 2017.
Hepatic encephalopathy describes the array of neurological alterations that occur during acute liver failure or chronic liver injury. While key players in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy, such as increases in brain ammonia, alterations in neurosteroid levels, and neuroinflammation, have been identified, there is still a paucity in our knowledge of the precise pathogenic mechanism. This review gives a brief overview of our understanding of the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and then summarizes the significant recent advances made in clinical and basic research contributing to our understanding, diagnosis, and possible treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. A literature search using the PubMed database was conducted in May 2017 using "hepatic encephalopathy" as a keyword, and selected manuscripts were limited to those research articles published since May 2014. While the authors acknowledge that many significant advances have been made in the understanding of hepatic encephalopathy prior to May 2014, we have limited the scope of this review to the previous three years only.
肝性脑病描述了在急性肝衰竭或慢性肝损伤期间发生的一系列神经学改变。虽然已经确定了肝性脑病发病机制中的关键因素，如脑氨增加、神经甾体水平改变和神经炎症，但我们对确切致病机制的了解仍然匮乏。本综述简要概述了我们对肝性脑病发病机制的理解，然后总结了临床和基础研究中取得的重大最新进展，这些进展有助于我们对肝性脑病的理解、诊断及可能的治疗。2017年5月使用PubMed数据库进行了文献检索，关键词为“肝性脑病”，所选手稿仅限于2014年5月以来发表的研究文章。虽然作者承认在2014年5月之前对肝性脑病的理解已经取得了许多重大进展，但我们将本综述的范围仅限于过去三年。
