Center for Health and Risk Communication (Emeritus), University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Center for Health Equity, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2017 Nov;193:70-79. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.10.001. Epub 2017 Oct 4.
Trust is thought to be a major factor in vaccine decisions, but few studies have empirically tested the role of trust in adult immunization. Utilizing a 2015 national survey of African American and White adults (n = 1630), we explore multiple dimensions of trust related to influenza immunization, including generalized trust, trust in the flu vaccine, and trust in the vaccine production process. We find African Americans report lower trust than Whites across all trust measures. When considering demographic, racial, and ideological predictors, generalized trust shows statistically significant effects on both trust in the flu vaccine and trust in the vaccine process. When controlling for demographic, racial, and ideological variables, higher generalized trust was significantly associated with higher trust in the flu vaccine and the vaccine process. When controlling for generalized trust, in addition to the baseline covariates, psychosocial predictors (i.e. risk perception, social norms, knowledge) are significant predictors of trust in flu vaccine and trust in the vaccine process, with significant differences by race. These findings suggest that trust in vaccination is complex, and that significant differences in trust between White and African American adults may be contributing to disparities in influenza immunization.
信任被认为是疫苗决策的一个主要因素，但很少有研究从实证角度检验信任在成人免疫接种中的作用。本研究利用 2015 年对非裔美国人和白人成年人（n=1630）的一项全国性调查，探讨了与流感免疫相关的多个信任维度，包括一般信任、对流感疫苗的信任和对疫苗生产过程的信任。我们发现，在所有信任措施方面，非裔美国人的信任程度均低于白人。在考虑人口统计学、种族和意识形态预测因素时，一般信任对流感疫苗和疫苗接种过程的信任都有统计学上的显著影响。在控制人口统计学、种族和意识形态变量后，较高的一般信任与对流感疫苗和疫苗接种过程的较高信任显著相关。在控制一般信任以及基线协变量后，心理社会预测因素（即风险感知、社会规范、知识）对流感疫苗和疫苗接种过程的信任是重要的预测因素，且在种族间存在显著差异。这些发现表明，对疫苗接种的信任是复杂的，白人和非裔美国成年人之间的信任程度存在显著差异，这可能导致流感免疫接种方面的差异。
