From the aCenter for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; bDepartment of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; cInstitute of Environmental Ecology, Idea Consultants, Inc., Shizuoka, Japan; dDepartment of Renal and Genitourinary surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; and eMaternal and Perinatal Care Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
Epidemiology. 2017 Oct;28 Suppl 1:S3-S9. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000716.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is widely used and BPA exposure is nearly ubiquitous in developed countries. While animal studies have indicated adverse health effects of prenatal BPA exposure including reproductive dysfunction and thyroid function disruption possibly in a sex-specific manner, findings from epidemiologic studies have not been enough to prove these adverse effects. Given very limited research on human, the aim of this study was to investigate associations between cord blood BPA levels and reproductive and thyroid hormone levels of neonates and whether associations differed by neonate sex.
The study population included 514 participants of the Hokkaido study recruited from 2002 to 2005 at one hospital in Sapporo, Japan. The BPA level in cord blood was determined by ID-LC/MS/MS, and the limit of quantification was 0.040 ng/ml. We measured nine types of reproductive hormone levels in cord blood, and thyroid hormone levels were obtained from neonate mass screening test data. There were 283 subjects, who had both BPA and hormone levels measurements, included for the final analyses.
The geometric mean of cord blood BPA was 0.051 ng/ml. After adjustment, BPA level was negatively associated with prolactin (PRL) (β = -0.38). There was an interaction between infant sex and BPA levels on PRL; a weak negative association was found in boys (β = -0.12), whereas a weak positive association was found in girls (β = 0.14). BPA level showed weak positive association with testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone levels in boys. No association was found between BPA and thyroid hormone levels.
Our findings suggested that fetal BPA levels might be associated with changes in certain reproductive hormone levels of neonates in a sex-specific manner, though further investigations are necessary.
双酚 A（BPA）的应用非常广泛，在发达国家几乎无处不在。动物研究表明，产前 BPA 暴露会对健康产生不良影响，包括生殖功能障碍和甲状腺功能紊乱，而且这些影响可能具有性别特异性，但流行病学研究的结果还不足以证明这些不良影响。鉴于对人类的研究非常有限，本研究旨在调查脐带血 BPA 水平与新生儿生殖和甲状腺激素水平之间的关系，以及这些关系是否因新生儿性别而异。
本研究的研究对象为 2002 年至 2005 年在日本札幌一家医院招募的 514 名北海道研究参与者。通过 ID-LC/MS/MS 测定脐带血中的 BPA 水平，定量下限为 0.040ng/ml。我们测量了脐带血中九种生殖激素水平，甲状腺激素水平来自新生儿群体筛查测试数据。最终分析包括了 283 名同时有 BPA 和激素水平测量值的受试者。
脐带血 BPA 的几何平均值为 0.051ng/ml。调整后，BPA 水平与催乳素（PRL）呈负相关（β=-0.38）。婴儿性别和 BPA 水平对 PRL 有交互作用；在男孩中，BPA 水平与 PRL 呈弱负相关（β=-0.12），而在女孩中，BPA 水平与 PRL 呈弱正相关（β=0.14）。BPA 水平与男孩的睾酮、雌二醇和孕酮水平呈弱正相关。BPA 水平与甲状腺激素水平无相关性。
我们的研究结果表明，胎儿 BPA 水平可能与新生儿某些生殖激素水平的变化有关，而且这种变化具有性别特异性，但还需要进一步的研究。
