Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon, 26426, Republic of Korea.
Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon, 26426, Republic of Korea.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017 Oct 13;17(1):481. doi: 10.1186/s12906-017-1985-8.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing allergic inflammatory skin disease that currently affects millions of children and adults worldwide. Drugs used to treat these inflammatory diseases include anti-histamines, corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors but these drugs have their limitations such as adverse effects with their long-term usage. Thus, researcher's interest in several alternative and complementary therapies are continually growing and balneotherapy is one of these approaches. Therefore, we investigate the bathing effect of high concentration mineral spring water (HMW) on redox balance and immune modulation in 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis like inflammation in hairless mice.
We induced AD-like inflammation by application of DNCB on the dorsal skin of female skh-1 hairless mice. The mice were treated with 100% pure HMW (PHMW) and 10% diluted HMW (DHMW) through bathing once a day for 4 weeks. Tacrolimus ointment (0.1%) was used as positive control (PC) and only DNCB treatment as negative control (NeC) group. The severity of skin lesion inflammation was assessed through clinical scoring and observing scratching behavior. Levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and inflammatory cytokines in serum were detected by ELISA and multiplex bead array system, and the levels of oxidative stress-related biomarkers and antioxidant enzyme were also measured.
We found that HMW significantly decreased the scratching behavior in PHMW and DHMW groups at the 2nd week and in PHMW group at 4th week compared to NeC group. Likewise, serum IgE level was significantly decreased in DHMW group as compared to NeC group. In line, the level of inflammatory cytokines in serum such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-13 and tumor necrosis factor-α were significantly inhibited in PHMW and DHMW groups compared to NeC group. In parallel, total reactive oxygen species (ROS) of serum level was significantly decreased in PHMW treatment groups compared to NeC group. Consistently, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level in PHMW group was lower than in NeC group. By contrast, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was significantly enhanced in PHMW than NeC.
Collectively, our study indicates a balneotherapeutic effect of HMW on DNCB-induced AD like inflammation in hairless mice via immunomodulation and redox balance.
特应性皮炎（AD）是一种慢性复发性过敏性炎症性皮肤病，目前影响着全球数以百万计的儿童和成人。用于治疗这些炎症性疾病的药物包括抗组胺药、皮质类固醇和钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂，但这些药物存在长期使用的副作用等局限性。因此，研究人员对几种替代和补充疗法的兴趣不断增加，水疗就是其中一种方法。因此，我们研究了高浓度矿泉水（HMW）对二硝基氯苯（DNCB）诱导的无毛小鼠特应性皮炎样炎症的氧化还原平衡和免疫调节作用。
我们通过在雌性 skh-1 无毛小鼠背部皮肤涂抹 DNCB 诱导 AD 样炎症。小鼠通过每天洗澡一次，连续 4 周接受 100%纯 HMW（PHMW）和 10%稀释 HMW（DHMW）治疗。他克莫司软膏（0.1%）用作阳性对照（PC），仅 DNCB 处理作为阴性对照（NeC）组。通过临床评分和观察抓挠行为评估皮肤病变炎症的严重程度。通过 ELISA 和多重珠阵列系统检测血清中免疫球蛋白 E（IgE）和炎症细胞因子的水平，并测量氧化应激相关生物标志物和抗氧化酶的水平。
我们发现，与 NeC 组相比，HMW 显著降低了 PHMW 和 DHMW 组在第 2 周和 PHMW 组在第 4 周的抓挠行为。同样，DHMW 组血清 IgE 水平也明显低于 NeC 组。同样，与 NeC 组相比，PHMW 和 DHMW 组血清中白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-13 和肿瘤坏死因子-α等炎症细胞因子的水平也显著降低。与此一致，与 NeC 组相比，PHMW 治疗组血清总活性氧（ROS）水平显著降低。一致地，PHMW 组血清丙二醛（MDA）水平低于 NeC 组。相比之下，PHMW 组谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）活性明显高于 NeC 组。
总之，我们的研究表明，HMW 对 DNCB 诱导的无毛小鼠 AD 样炎症具有水疗作用，通过免疫调节和氧化还原平衡发挥作用。
