Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States.
BioChemInsights, Inc., Malvern, PA 19355, United States.
Biotechnol Adv. 2018 Jan-Feb;36(1):120-131. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.10.003. Epub 2017 Oct 10.
Industrial enzymatic reactions requiring 1,4-NAD(P)H to perform redox transformations often require convoluted coupled enzyme regeneration systems to regenerate 1,4-NAD(P)H from NAD(P) and recycle the cofactor for as many turnovers as possible. Renewed interest in recycling the cofactor via electrochemical means is motivated by the low cost of performing electrochemical reactions, easy monitoring of the reaction progress, and straightforward product recovery. However, electrochemical cofactor regeneration methods invariably produce adventitious reduced cofactor side products which result in unproductive loss of input NAD(P). We review various literature strategies for mitigating adventitious product formation by electrochemical cofactor regeneration systems, and offer insight as to how a successful electrochemical bioreactor system could be constructed to engineer efficient 1,4-NAD(P)H-dependent enzyme reactions of interest to the industrial biocatalysis community.
工业酶反应需要 1,4-NAD(P)H 来进行氧化还原转化，通常需要复杂的偶联酶再生系统，从 NAD(P)中再生 1,4-NAD(P)H，并尽可能多地进行辅酶循环。通过电化学手段重新关注辅酶的回收，是因为电化学反应的成本低，反应进度易于监测，以及产品易于回收。然而，电化学辅因子再生方法不可避免地会产生偶然的还原辅因子副产物，从而导致输入 NAD(P)的无效损失。我们综述了各种文献策略，以减轻电化学辅因子再生系统中偶然产物的形成，并提供了如何构建成功的电化学生物反应器系统的见解，以构建高效的 1,4-NAD(P)H 依赖性酶反应，这对工业生物催化界具有重要意义。
