Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2018 Feb;50:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2017.09.005. Epub 2017 Oct 12.
A cancer mass consists of a complex composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, endothelial cells and also immune cells, which can represent more than half of the cellularity of a solid cancer. These immune cells become activated when they sense cancer antigens and stress ligands. Innate immune cells also detect various aspects of cellular stress that characterize a growing tumor mass. These key hallmarks of cellular stress are also detected by the cancer cell itself. In this review, we highlight studies that show that the cancer cell itself could be considered an 'innate cell' that senses and reacts to non-immunologic hallmarks of cancer, including displaced nucleic acids, proteotoxic stress, oxidative stress, and metabolic alterations.
肿瘤块由复杂的癌细胞、基质细胞、内皮细胞和免疫细胞组成，这些细胞可以占到实体瘤细胞总数的一半以上。当这些免疫细胞感知到肿瘤抗原和应激配体时，它们就会被激活。先天免疫细胞还可以检测到肿瘤生长过程中细胞应激的各个方面。这些细胞应激的关键特征也会被肿瘤细胞自身检测到。在这篇综述中，我们强调了一些研究，这些研究表明，肿瘤细胞本身可以被视为一种“先天细胞”，可以感知和对包括移位核酸、蛋白毒性应激、氧化应激和代谢改变在内的非免疫肿瘤特征做出反应。
