Chen Chao, Yu Yang, Ding Xiaodong, Liu Beidong, Duanmu Huizi, Zhu Dan, Sun Xiaoli, Cao Lei, Li Qiang, Zhu Yanming
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
Department of chemistry and molecular biology, University of Gothenburg, S-413 90, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Protoplasma. 2018 Mar;255(2):643-654. doi: 10.1007/s00709-017-1172-2. Epub 2017 Oct 19.
Protein phosphatase 2Cs (PP2Cs) belong to the largest protein phosphatase family in plants. Some members have been described as being negative modulators of plant growth and development, as well as responses to hormones and environmental stimuli. However, little is known about the members of PP2C clade D, which may be involved in the regulation of signaling pathways, especially in response to saline and alkali stresses. Here, we identified 13 PP2C orthologs from the wild soybean (Glycine soja) genome. We examined the sequence characteristics, chromosome locations and duplications, gene structures, and promoter cis-elements of the PP2C clade D genes in Arabidopsis and wild soybean. Our results showed that GsPP2C clade D (GsAPD) genes exhibit more gene duplications than AtPP2C clade D genes. Plant hormone and abiotic stress-responsive elements were identified in the promoter regions of most PP2C genes. Moreover, we investigated their expression patterns in roots, stems, and leaves. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses revealed that the expression levels of representative GsPP2C and AtPP2C clade D genes were significantly influenced by alkali and salt stresses, suggesting that these genes might be associated with or directly involved in the relevant stress signaling pathways. Our results established a foundation for further functional characterization of PP2C clade D genes in the future.
蛋白磷酸酶2C（PP2C）属于植物中最大的蛋白磷酸酶家族。一些成员已被描述为植物生长发育以及对激素和环境刺激反应的负调控因子。然而，对于PP2C进化枝D的成员了解甚少，它们可能参与信号通路的调控，尤其是对盐碱胁迫的响应。在这里，我们从野生大豆（Glycine soja）基因组中鉴定出13个PP2C直系同源基因。我们研究了拟南芥和野生大豆中PP2C进化枝D基因的序列特征、染色体定位和复制、基因结构以及启动子顺式元件。我们的结果表明，GsPP2C进化枝D（GsAPD）基因比AtPP2C进化枝D基因表现出更多的基因复制。在大多数PP2C基因的启动子区域鉴定出了植物激素和非生物胁迫响应元件。此外，我们研究了它们在根、茎和叶中的表达模式。定量实时PCR分析表明，代表性的GsPP2C和AtPP2C进化枝D基因的表达水平受到盐碱胁迫的显著影响，这表明这些基因可能与相关胁迫信号通路有关或直接参与其中。我们的结果为未来进一步对PP2C进化枝D基因进行功能表征奠定了基础。
