Golbidi Saeid, Daiber Andreas, Korac Bato, Li Huige, Essop M Faadiel, Laher Ismail
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Center of Cardiology, Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
Curr Diab Rep. 2017 Oct 23;17(12):123. doi: 10.1007/s11892-017-0951-7.
Obesity and obesity-related diseases, largely resulting from urbanization and behavioral changes, are now of global importance. Energy restriction, though, is associated with health improvements and increased longevity. We review some important mechanisms related to calorie limitation aimed at controlling of metabolic diseases, particularly diabetes.
Calorie restriction triggers a complex series of intricate events, including activation of cellular stress response elements, improved autophagy, modification of apoptosis, and alteration in hormonal balance. Intermittent fasting is not only more acceptable to patients, but it also prevents some of the adverse effects of chronic calorie restriction, especially malnutrition. There are many somatic and potentially psychologic benefits of fasting or intermittent calorie restriction. However, some behavioral modifications related to abstinence of binge eating following a fasting period are crucial in maintaining the desired favorable outcomes.
肥胖及与肥胖相关的疾病在很大程度上是由城市化和行为变化导致的，目前已成为全球关注的重要问题。然而，能量限制与健康改善及寿命延长相关。我们综述一些与热量限制相关的重要机制，旨在控制代谢性疾病，尤其是糖尿病。
热量限制引发一系列复杂的事件，包括细胞应激反应元件的激活、自噬改善、细胞凋亡的改变以及激素平衡的变化。间歇性禁食不仅更容易被患者接受，还能预防慢性热量限制的一些不良影响，尤其是营养不良。禁食或间歇性热量限制有许多身体上以及潜在心理上的益处。然而，禁食期后与避免暴饮暴食相关的一些行为改变对于维持预期的良好效果至关重要。
