小儿脑肿瘤的免疫疗法
Immunotherapy for Pediatric Brain Tumors.
作者信息
Sayour Elias J, Mitchell Duane A
机构信息
University of Florida Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy, Lilian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, 1149 South Newell Drive, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
出版信息
Brain Sci. 2017 Oct 21;7(10):137. doi: 10.3390/brainsci7100137.
Abstract
Malignant brain tumors are the most common cause of solid cancer death in children. New targeted therapies are vital to improve treatment outcomes, but must be developed to enable trafficking across the blood brain barrier (BBB). Since activated T cells cross the BBB, cancer immunotherapy can be harnessed to unlock the cytotoxic potential of the immune system. However, standard of care treatments (i.e., chemotherapy and radiation) applied concomitant to pediatric brain tumor immunotherapy may abrogate induction of immunotherapeutic responses. This review will discuss the development of immunotherapies within this paradigm using emerging approaches being investigated in phase I/II trials in children with refractory brain tumors, including checkpoint inhibitors, vaccine immunotherapy, and adoptive cell therapy.
摘要
恶性脑肿瘤是儿童实体癌死亡的最常见原因。新的靶向治疗对于改善治疗效果至关重要，但必须进行开发，以使其能够穿过血脑屏障（BBB）。由于活化的T细胞可穿过血脑屏障，因此可以利用癌症免疫疗法来释放免疫系统的细胞毒性潜力。然而，与小儿脑肿瘤免疫疗法同时应用的标准治疗方法（即化疗和放疗）可能会消除免疫治疗反应的诱导。本综述将讨论在这种模式下免疫疗法的发展，使用正在针对难治性脑肿瘤儿童进行的I/II期试验中研究的新兴方法，包括检查点抑制剂、疫苗免疫疗法和过继性细胞疗法。
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