State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China.
J Sep Sci. 2017 Dec;40(24):4730-4739. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201700641. Epub 2017 Nov 27.
Methanol and water are commonly used solvents for chemical analysis and traditional decoction, respectively. In the present study, a high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection method was developed to quantify 11 saponins in Panax notoginseng flower extracted by aqueous solution and methanol, and chemical components and anti-inflammatory effects of these two extracts were compared. The separation of 11 saponins, including notoginsenoside Fc and ginsenoside Rc, was well achieved on a Zorbax SB C18 column. This developed method provides an adequate linearity (r > 0.999), repeatability (RSD < 4.26%), inter- and intraday variations (RSD < 3.20%) with recovery (94.7-104.1%) of 11 saponins concerned. Our data indicated that ginsenoside biotransformation in PNF was found, when water was used as the extraction solvent, but not methanol. Specifically, the major components of Panax notoginseng flower, ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, and Rd, can be near completely transformed to the minor components, gypenoside XVII, notoginsenoside Fe, ginsenoside Rd2, notoginsenoside Fd, and ginsenoside F2, respectively. Total protein isolated from Panax notoginseng flower is responsible for this ginsenoside biotransformation. Additionally, methanol extract exerted the stronger anti-inflammatory effects than water extract in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells. This difference in anti-inflammatory action might be attributed to their chemical difference of saponins.
甲醇和水分别是化学分析和传统煎煮常用的溶剂。在本研究中，建立了一种高效液相色谱-紫外检测法，用于定量分析水溶液和甲醇提取的三七花中的 11 种皂苷，并比较了这两种提取物的化学成分和抗炎作用。11 种皂苷（包括三七皂苷 Fc 和人参皂苷 Rc）在 Zorbax SB C18 柱上得到了很好的分离。该方法具有良好的线性（r > 0.999）、重复性（RSD ＜ 4.26%）、日内和日间精密度（RSD ＜ 3.20%），11 种皂苷的回收率为 94.7-104.1%。研究数据表明，当用水作为提取溶剂时，三七花中的人参皂苷发生了生物转化，但甲醇中则没有。具体来说，三七花的主要成分，人参皂苷 Rb1、Rc、Rb2、Rb3 和 Rd，可以几乎完全转化为次要成分，如绞股蓝皂苷 XVII、三七皂苷 Fe、人参皂苷 Rd2、三七皂苷 Fd 和人参皂苷 F2。三七花中的总蛋白是导致这种人参皂苷生物转化的原因。此外，在脂多糖诱导的 RAW264.7 细胞中，甲醇提取物的抗炎作用强于水提取物。这种抗炎作用的差异可能归因于它们的皂苷化学成分差异。
