School of Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
J Clin Nurs. 2018 May;27(9-10):1730-1743. doi: 10.1111/jocn.14145. Epub 2018 Jan 11.
To explore what we know of the concept of clinical leadership and what the term means. Clues to the definition of clinical leadership, the attributes of effective and less effective clinical leaders, models of clinical leadership and the barriers that hinder clinical leadership development were explored.
While nursing leadership and healthcare leadership are terms that have been evident in nursing and health industry literature for many decades, clinical leadership is a relatively new term and is may still be misunderstood.
A search was undertaken of formal and informal literature using a library database and a range of search engines for the words "clinical leadership" and "clinical leadership in nursing." In each case, the full search parameters were employed with searches between 1974-2016. Full-text articles were requested, and English was the preferred language.
In total, 3,259 publications were located through seven database search tools, although these included a large number of duplications. Following further informal searches and removing irrelevant material, 27 research or literature review focused papers were retained that included 17 qualitative studies, one quantitative study, one mixed method study, one Delphi study and two that compared other research studies. As well, five literature reviews were retained in the synthesis. The data synthesis resulted five categories: definitions of clinical leadership, characteristics most likely or least associated with clinical leadership, models applied to clinical leadership and limits to clinical leadership development.
Clinical leaders are recognised for having their values and beliefs parallel their actions and interventions. They are found across the spectrum of health organisations, often at the highest level for clinical interaction, but not commonly at the highest management level in a ward or unit team and they are seen in all clinical environments.
Clinical Leadership and an understanding on how clinical leaders contribute to the health service is central to the application of values-based practice and how clinical leaders impact on innovation, change and making care better.
探讨我们对临床领导力概念的了解以及该术语的含义。探索了临床领导力的定义线索、有效和不太有效的临床领导者的特征、临床领导力模型以及阻碍临床领导力发展的障碍。
虽然护理领导和医疗保健领导是护理和医疗行业文献中存在了几十年的术语，但临床领导是一个相对较新的术语，可能仍被误解。
使用图书馆数据库和各种搜索引擎对“临床领导”和“护理中的临床领导”这两个词进行了正式和非正式文献搜索。在每种情况下，都使用了完整的搜索参数，并在 1974 年至 2016 年之间进行了搜索。请求全文文章，首选英语。
通过七个数据库搜索工具共找到了 3259 篇出版物，尽管其中包括大量重复内容。经过进一步的非正式搜索和删除不相关的材料，保留了 27 篇专注于研究或文献综述的论文，其中包括 17 项定性研究、1 项定量研究、1 项混合方法研究、1 项 Delphi 研究和 2 项比较其他研究的研究。此外，还有 5 篇文献综述被纳入综合分析。数据综合得出了五个类别：临床领导力的定义、最有可能或最不可能与临床领导力相关的特征、应用于临床领导力的模型以及临床领导力发展的限制。
临床领导者因其价值观和信念与他们的行动和干预措施相一致而受到认可。他们在整个卫生组织范围内都有发现，通常在最高水平的临床互动中，但在病房或单位团队的最高管理层中并不常见，并且在所有临床环境中都能看到他们。
临床领导力和对临床领导者如何为卫生服务做出贡献的理解是基于价值观的实践应用以及临床领导者如何影响创新、变革和改善护理的核心。
