Bhattacharya Tamanash, Newton Irene L G
Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
Environ Microbiol. 2017 Oct 27. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.13964.
Wolbachia pipientis, the most common intracellular infection on the planet, infects 40% of insects as well as nematodes, isopods and arachnids. Wolbachia are obligately intracellular and challenging to study; there are no genetic tools for manipulating Wolbachia nor can they be cultured outside of host cells. Despite these roadblocks, the research community has defined a set of Wolbachia loci involved in host interaction: Wolbachia effectors. Through the use of Drosophila genetics, surrogate systems and biochemistry, the field has begun to define the toolkit Wolbachia use for host manipulation. Below we review recent findings identifying these Wolbachia effectors and point to potential, as yet uncharacterized, links between known phenotypes induced by Wolbachia infection and predicted effectors.
嗜虫沙雷氏菌（Wolbachia pipientis）是地球上最常见的细胞内感染源，可感染40%的昆虫以及线虫、等足类动物和蛛形纲动物。嗜虫沙雷氏菌是专性细胞内寄生菌，研究颇具挑战性；目前尚无用于操纵嗜虫沙雷氏菌的遗传工具，且它们无法在宿主细胞外培养。尽管存在这些障碍，但研究界已确定了一组参与宿主相互作用的嗜虫沙雷氏菌基因座：嗜虫沙雷氏菌效应蛋白。通过利用果蝇遗传学、替代系统和生物化学，该领域已开始确定嗜虫沙雷氏菌用于操纵宿主的工具集。下面我们回顾了最近鉴定这些嗜虫沙雷氏菌效应蛋白的研究结果，并指出了嗜虫沙雷氏菌感染诱导的已知表型与预测效应蛋白之间潜在的、尚未明确的联系。
