Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matematicas, Universidad de Ibague, Carrera 22 calle 67, Ibagué 730001, Colombia.
Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Campus Viña del Mar, Quillota 980, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile.
Molecules. 2017 Oct 30;22(11):1861. doi: 10.3390/molecules22111861.
Lichens are symbiotic associations of fungi with microalgae and/or cyanobacteria. Lichens belonging to the Parmeliaceae family comprise 2700 species of lichens, including the genus which is composed of 300 species. The metabolites of this genus include depsides, depsidones, phenolics, polysaccharides, lipids, diphenylethers and dibenzofurans, which are responsible for the biological activities reported including antidiabetic, antihelmintic, anticancer, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antimitotic, antitumoral, antifungal, and antioxidant enzyme inhibitory. Due to scarce knowledge of metabolomic profiles of species ( and ), a full metabolome study based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography- diode array detector-electrospray ionization-quadrupole-orbitrap-mass-spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-ESI-Q-orbitrap MS) was performed for a comprehensive characterization of their substances. From the methanolic extracts of these species, a total of 54 metabolites were identified for the first time using this hyphenated technique, including thirty compounds in , and thirty-seven in . Moreover, two compounds were not identified as known compounds, and could be new structures, according to our data. This report shows that this technique is effective and accurate for rapid chemical identification of lichen substances and the compounds identified could serve as chemotaxonomic markers to differentiate these ruffle lichens.
地衣是真菌与微藻和/或蓝细菌共生的联合体。属于 Parmeliaceae 科的地衣包含 2700 种地衣，其中包括由 300 种地衣组成的属。该属的代谢物包括 depsides、depsidones、酚类、多糖、脂类、二苯醚和二苯并呋喃，这些代谢物具有报道的生物活性，包括抗糖尿病、抗蠕虫、抗癌、抗氧化、抗菌、抗炎、抗有丝分裂、抗肿瘤、抗真菌和抗氧化酶抑制。由于对地衣属（和）代谢组学特征的了解甚少，因此基于超高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器-电喷雾电离-四极杆轨道阱质谱（UHPLC-DAD-ESI-Q-orbitrap MS）进行了全面的代谢组学研究，以全面表征它们的物质。从这些物种的甲醇提取物中，使用这种串联技术首次鉴定了 54 种代谢物，其中包括 30 种化合物在 中，37 种在 中。此外，根据我们的数据，有两种化合物未被鉴定为已知化合物，可能是新结构。本报告表明，该技术对于快速鉴定地衣物质是有效和准确的，所鉴定的化合物可以作为区分这些皱叶地衣的化学分类标记。
