Schimmel Martin, Memedi Kujtim, Parga Tatiana, Katsoulis Joannis, Müller Frauke
Int J Prosthodont. 2017 November/December;30(6):565–572. doi: 10.11607/ijp.5289. Epub 2017 Oct 30.
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess maximum restraining lip force (MLF), maximum voluntary bite force (MBF), and patient-related parameters to evaluate their influence on masticatory function in four groups of participants with different dental states.
Participants were recruited and assigned to one of four different groups depending on dental status: complete removable dental prostheses (CRDP group); edentulous with two-implant overdentures (IOD group); Kennedy Class I partial removable dental prostheses (PRDP group); or fully dentate (control group). A dental examination was performed and history taken. MLF was measured as the maximum withstood pulling force with three sizes of oral screens, MBF was evaluated using a digital force gauge, and masticatory performance was assessed using a two-color mixing ability test. Linear regression was used to determine the predictive effects of covariates on masticatory performance. Global and pairwise comparisons were also carried out.
A total of 68 participants with an average age of 69.3 ± 7.7 years were recruited. MLF depended on the screen size (P = .0004; Kruskal-Wallis) and increased with CRDP use, especially in challenging tasks, such as restraining the smallest screen. The highest MBF was found in dentate participants (P < .0001; Mann-Whitney). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a global significant difference in masticatory performance between groups, with PRDP patients chewing better than CRDP patients. Dental state, time lapse since last tooth loss, and MBF predicted masticatory function.
Tooth loss significantly affects MBF and masticatory performance. Free-end saddles with a rotational axis in two-implant IODs and Kennedy Class I PRDPs may limit MBF and consequently masticatory performance. CRDP design should facilitate perioral muscular function.
本横断面研究旨在评估四组不同牙列状态参与者的最大唇约束力（MLF）、最大自主咬合力（MBF）以及与患者相关的参数，以评价它们对咀嚼功能的影响。
根据牙列状态招募参与者并将其分为四组：全口可摘义齿组（CRDP组）；两颗种植体覆盖义齿的无牙颌组（IOD组）；肯氏I类部分可摘义齿组（PRDP组）；或全牙列组（对照组）。进行口腔检查并采集病史。使用三种尺寸的口腔筛网测量MLF作为最大承受拉力，使用数字测力计评估MBF，并使用双色混合能力测试评估咀嚼性能。采用线性回归确定协变量对咀嚼性能的预测作用。还进行了总体和两两比较。
共招募了68名平均年龄为69.3±7.7岁的参与者。MLF取决于筛网尺寸（P = 0.0004；Kruskal-Wallis检验），并且随着CRDP的使用而增加，尤其是在具有挑战性的任务中，例如约束最小的筛网时。在有牙列的参与者中发现最高的MBF（P < 0.0001；Mann-Whitney检验）。方差分析（ANOVA）显示各组之间咀嚼性能存在总体显著差异，PRDP患者的咀嚼能力优于CRDP患者。牙列状态、最后一次牙齿缺失后的时间间隔和MBF可预测咀嚼功能。
牙齿缺失显著影响MBF和咀嚼性能。两颗种植体覆盖义齿和肯氏I类PRDP中带有旋转轴的游离端鞍基可能会限制MBF，从而影响咀嚼性能。CRDP的设计应有助于口周肌肉功能。
