Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institute of Health and Nutrition NIBIOHN, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
J Am Heart Assoc. 2017 Oct 31;6(11):e007677. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.007677.
Few data exist on the association between strength training and mortality rates. We sought to examine the association between strength training and all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality.
Beginning in 2001 to 2005, 28 879 women throughout the United States (average baseline age, 62.2 years) from the Women's Health Study who were free of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and cancer reported their physical activities, including strength training. During follow-up (average, 12.0 years) through 2015, investigators documented 3055 deaths (411 from cardiovascular disease and 748 from cancer). After adjusting for covariables, including aerobic activity, time in strength training showed a quadratic association with all-cause mortality (=0.36 for linear trend; <0.001 for quadratic trend); hazard ratios across 5 categories of strength training (0, 1-19, 20-59, 60-149, and ≥150 min/wk) were 1.0 (referent), 0.73 (95% confidence interval, 0.65-0.82), 0.71 (0.62-0.82), 0.81 (0.67-0.97), and 1.10 (0.77-1.56), respectively. A significant quadratic association was also observed for cardiovascular disease death (=0.007) but not cancer death (=0.41). Spline models also indicated a J-shaped nonlinear association for all-cause mortality (=0.020); the point estimates of hazard ratios were <1.00 for 1 to 145 min/wk of strength training, compared with 0 min/wk, whereas hazard ratios were >1.00 for ≥146 min/wk of strength training. However, confidence intervals were wide at higher levels of strength training.
Time in strength training showed a J-shaped association with all-cause mortality in older women. A moderate amount of time in strength training seemed beneficial for longevity, independent of aerobic activity; however, any potential risk with more time (≈≥150 min/wk) should be further investigated.
关于力量训练与死亡率之间的关系，目前的数据较为有限。我们旨在研究力量训练与全因死亡率、心血管疾病死亡率和癌症死亡率之间的关系。
2001 年至 2005 年，来自美国各地的 28879 名无心血管疾病、糖尿病和癌症的女性（平均基线年龄 62.2 岁）参与了“妇女健康研究”，她们报告了自己的体育活动，包括力量训练。在 2015 年的随访期间（平均随访时间为 12.0 年），研究人员记录了 3055 例死亡（411 例死于心血管疾病，748 例死于癌症）。在调整了包括有氧运动在内的协变量后，力量训练时间与全因死亡率呈二次关联（线性趋势的=0.36；二次趋势的<0.001）；5 个力量训练类别（0、1-19、20-59、60-149 和≥150min/周）的危险比分别为 1.0（参照）、0.73（95%置信区间：0.65-0.82）、0.71（0.62-0.82）、0.81（0.67-0.97）和 1.10（0.77-1.56）。对于心血管疾病死亡，也观察到了显著的二次关联（=0.007），但对于癌症死亡，没有观察到关联（=0.41）。样条模型也表明，全因死亡率存在 J 形非线性关联（=0.020）；与 0min/周相比，1-145min/周的力量训练的危险比估计值均<1.00，而≥146min/周的力量训练的危险比估计值>1.00。然而，在更高水平的力量训练时，置信区间较宽。
在老年女性中，力量训练时间与全因死亡率呈 J 形关联。适量的力量训练时间似乎有益于长寿，与有氧运动无关；然而，任何潜在的风险（≈≥150min/周）都需要进一步研究。
