Division for Diagnostics and Scientific Advice, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
Division for Diagnostics and Scientific Advice, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
J Dairy Sci. 2018 Jan;101(1):505-517. doi: 10.3168/jds.2017-12994. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
Societal pressure to limit the use of antibiotics in livestock production systems, including dairy cattle systems, is consistently increasing. To motivate farmers to reduce antibiotic usage, it is important to understand the factors that determine whether a cow will be treated with antibiotics or not. If farmers' usual practices regarding antibiotic treatments are taken into account, they may be motivated to adopt control measures that can facilitate prudent use of antibiotics and are at the same time cost-effective. In this study, we analyzed database recordings of milk yield and somatic cell count from the routine milk recording scheme, clinical registrations of mastitis and PCR results, and cow factors such as days in milk and parity in relation to antibiotic treatments for 518 dairy herds in Denmark. Farm-wise logistic regressions were used to predict antimicrobial treatment based on these factors. The resulting regression coefficients of 422 herds were further analyzed by principal component analysis and clustering to determine the driving predictors for treatment in different groups of farms. The results showed that determinants that were most important for predicting antibiotic treatments vary from one farm to another. Health indicators such as PCR or somatic cell count were most indicative for treatment on some farms, whereas other groups seemed to depend more on production factors (milk yield) or later culling of the cows. This shows that farmers behave differently and differences can be identified in register data. This information can be considered when developing cost-effective herd-specific control measures of mastitis to promote prudent use of antibiotics in Danish dairy cattle farms.
社会各界一直在呼吁限制抗生素在畜牧业生产系统（包括奶牛养殖系统）中的使用。为了激励养殖户减少抗生素的使用，了解决定是否对奶牛使用抗生素的因素至关重要。如果能充分考虑养殖户在抗生素治疗方面的常规做法，他们可能会更愿意采取控制措施，从而促进在保证经济效益的前提下合理使用抗生素。本研究分析了丹麦 518 个奶牛场的常规牛奶记录计划中的牛奶产量和体细胞计数数据库记录、乳腺炎临床登记和 PCR 结果，以及奶牛的产奶天数和胎次等因素与抗生素治疗之间的关系。基于这些因素，我们采用农场层面的逻辑回归来预测抗生素治疗。进一步对 422 个农场的回归系数进行主成分分析和聚类分析，以确定不同类型农场治疗的驱动因素。结果表明，预测抗生素治疗的决定因素因农场而异。一些农场的关键决定因素是健康指标（如 PCR 或体细胞计数），而其他一些农场似乎更依赖于生产因素（产奶量）或后期奶牛的淘汰。这表明养殖户的行为存在差异，这些差异可以从登记数据中识别出来。在制定针对丹麦奶牛场乳腺炎的具有成本效益的特定畜群控制措施时，可以考虑这些信息，以促进合理使用抗生素。
