Boyle Michael P, Fearon Alison N
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Montclair State University, United States.
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Montclair State University, United States.
J Fluency Disord. 2018 Jun;56:112-121. doi: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2017.10.002. Epub 2017 Oct 24.
The aim of this study was to identify potential relationships between self-stigma (stigma awareness and stigma application) and stress, physical health, and health care satisfaction among a large sample of adults who stutter. It was hypothesized that both stigma awareness and stigma application would be inversely related to measures of physical health and health care satisfaction, and positively related to stress. Furthermore, it was anticipated that stress mediated the relationship between self-stigma and physical health.
A sample of adults who stutter in the United States (n=397) completed a web survey that assessed levels of stigma awareness and stigma application, stress, physical health, and health care satisfaction. Correlational analyses were conducted to determine the relationships between these variables.
Higher levels of stigma awareness and stigma application were associated with increased stress, decreased overall physical health, and decreased health care satisfaction (i.e., discomfort obtaining health care due to stuttering, and adverse health care outcomes due to stuttering), and these relationships were statistically significant. Stress was identified as a mediator between stigma application and physical health.
Because adults who stutter with higher levels of self-stigma are at risk for decreased physical health through increased stress, and lower satisfaction with their health care experiences as a result of stuttering, it is important for professionals to assess and manage self-stigma in clients who stutter. Self-stigma has implications for not only psychological well-being, but stress, physical health, and health care satisfaction as well.
本研究旨在确定在大量口吃成年人样本中，自我污名化（污名意识和污名应用）与压力、身体健康及医疗保健满意度之间的潜在关系。研究假设污名意识和污名应用均与身体健康指标及医疗保健满意度呈负相关，与压力呈正相关。此外，预计压力介导了自我污名化与身体健康之间的关系。
美国的一个口吃成年人样本（n = 397）完成了一项网络调查，该调查评估了污名意识和污名应用水平、压力、身体健康及医疗保健满意度。进行相关性分析以确定这些变量之间的关系。
较高水平的污名意识和污名应用与压力增加、整体身体健康下降及医疗保健满意度降低相关（即因口吃而在获得医疗保健时感到不适，以及因口吃导致不良医疗保健结果），且这些关系具有统计学意义。压力被确定为污名应用与身体健康之间的中介因素。
由于自我污名化程度较高的口吃成年人因压力增加而面临身体健康下降的风险，且因口吃对其医疗保健体验的满意度较低，因此专业人员对口吃患者的自我污名化进行评估和管理非常重要。自我污名化不仅对心理健康有影响，对压力、身体健康及医疗保健满意度也有影响。
