Trevisi Paolo, Priori Davide, Motta Vincenzo, Luise Diana, Jansman Alfons J M, Koopmans Sietse-Jan, Bosi Paolo
DISTAL, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2017 Nov 2;8:82. doi: 10.1186/s40104-017-0213-1. eCollection 2017.
The stomach is an underestimated key interface between the ingesta and the digestive system, affecting the digestion and playing an important role in several endocrine functions. The quality of starter microbiota and the early life feeding of medium chain triglycerides may affect porcine gastric maturation. Two trials (T1, T2) were carried out on 12 and 24 cesarean-delivered piglets (birth, d0), divided over two microbiota treatments, but slaughtered and sampled at two or three weeks of age, respectively. All piglets were fed orally: sow serum (T1) or pasteurized sow colostrum (T2) on d0; simple starter microbiota (, and spp.) (d1-d3); complex microbiota inoculum (sow diluted feces, CA) or a placebo (simple association, SA) (d3-d4) and milk replacer ad libitum (d0-d4). The The T1 piglets and half of the T2 piglets were then fed a moist diet (CTRL); the remaining half of the T2 piglets were fed the CTRL diet fortified with medium chain triglycerides and 7% coconut oil (MCT). Total mRNA from the oxyntic mucosa was analyzed using Affymetrix©Porcine Gene array strips. Exploratory functional analysis of the resulting values was carried out using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis.
Complex microbiota upregulated 11 gene sets in piglets of each age group vs. SA. Of these sets, 6 were upregulated at both ages, including the set of gene markers of oxyntic mucosa. In comparison with the piglets receiving SA, the CA enriched the genes in the sets related to interferon response when the CTRL diet was given while the same sets were impoverished by CA with the MCT diet.
Early colonization with a complex starter microbiota promoted the functional maturation of the oxyntic mucosa in an age-dependent manner. The dietary fatty acid source may have affected the recruitment and the maturation of the immune cells, particularly when the piglets were early associated with a simplified starter microbiota.
胃是摄入物与消化系统之间一个被低估的关键界面，影响消化并在多种内分泌功能中发挥重要作用。起始微生物群的质量和中链甘油三酯的早期生命期喂养可能会影响猪胃的成熟。对12头和24头剖腹产仔猪（出生时，第0天）进行了两项试验（T1、T2），分为两种微生物群处理，但分别在两周龄或三周龄时屠宰并取样。所有仔猪均经口饲喂：第0天喂母猪血清（T1）或巴氏消毒的母猪初乳（T2）；简单起始微生物群（、和 spp.）（第1 - 3天）；复杂微生物群接种物（母猪稀释粪便，CA）或安慰剂（简单组合，SA）（第3 - 4天），并随意给予代乳品（第0 - 4天）。然后，T1组仔猪和一半的T2组仔猪饲喂湿料（对照）；另一半T2组仔猪饲喂添加了中链甘油三酯和7%椰子油的对照日粮（MCT）。使用Affymetrix©猪基因阵列条分析胃黏膜的总mRNA。使用基因集富集分析对所得值进行探索性功能分析。
与SA相比，复杂微生物群在各年龄组仔猪中上调了11个基因集。在这些基因集中，有6个在两个年龄均上调，包括胃黏膜的基因标志物集。与接受SA的仔猪相比，给予对照日粮时，CA使与干扰素反应相关的基因集中的基因富集，而给予MCT日粮时，相同的基因集被CA耗尽。
早期用复杂起始微生物群定殖以年龄依赖的方式促进了胃黏膜的功能成熟。日粮脂肪酸来源可能影响了免疫细胞的募集和成熟，特别是当仔猪早期与简化的起始微生物群相关联时。
