Department of Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2024 Apr 19;43(1):118. doi: 10.1186/s13046-024-03034-7.
High-throughput sequencing has ushered in a paradigm shift in gastric microbiota, breaking the stereotype that the stomach is hostile to microorganisms beyond H. pylori. Recent attention directed toward the composition and functionality of this 'community' has shed light on its potential relevance in cancer. The microbial composition in the stomach of health displays host specificity which changes throughout a person's lifespan and is subject to both external and internal factors. Distinctive alterations in gastric microbiome signature are discernible at different stages of gastric precancerous lesions and malignancy. The robust microbes that dominate in gastric malignant tissue are intricately implicated in gastric cancer susceptibility, carcinogenesis, and the modulation of immunosurveillance and immune escape. These revelations offer fresh avenues for utilizing gastric microbiota as predictive biomarkers in clinical settings. Furthermore, inter-individual microbiota variations partially account for differential responses to cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize current literature on the influence of the gastric microbiota on gastric carcinogenesis, anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy, providing insights into potential clinical applications.
高通量测序技术在胃微生物群中引发了一场范式转变，打破了胃对幽门螺杆菌以外的微生物不友好的刻板印象。最近，人们对这个“群落”的组成和功能的关注，揭示了其在癌症中的潜在相关性。健康胃中的微生物组成具有宿主特异性，在人的一生中会发生变化，并受到外部和内部因素的影响。在胃癌前病变和恶性肿瘤的不同阶段，可以发现胃微生物组特征的明显改变。在胃恶性组织中占主导地位的强健微生物与胃癌易感性、癌变以及免疫监视和免疫逃逸的调节密切相关。这些发现为在临床环境中利用胃微生物群作为预测生物标志物提供了新的途径。此外，个体间微生物群的差异部分解释了对癌症免疫治疗的不同反应。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前关于胃微生物群对胃致癌作用、抗肿瘤免疫和免疫治疗影响的文献，为潜在的临床应用提供了见解。
