The University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
The University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The University of Sydney, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
J Hepatol. 2018 Feb;68(2):316-325. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.10.005. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
Nutrition has a profound effect on chronic liver disease, especially non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Most observational studies and clinical trials have focussed on the effects of total energy intake, or the intake of individual macronutrients and certain micronutrients, such as vitamin D, on liver disease. Although these studies have shown the importance of nutrition on hepatic outcomes, there is not yet any unifying framework for understanding the relationship between diet and liver disease. The Geometric Framework for Nutrition (GFN) is an innovative model for designing nutritional experiments or interpreting nutritional data that can determine the effects of nutrients and their interactions on animal behaviour and phenotypes. Recently the GFN has provided insights into the relationship between dietary energy and macronutrients on obesity and ageing in mammals including humans. Mouse studies using the GFN have disentangled the effects of macronutrients on fatty liver and the gut microbiome. The GFN is likely to play a significant role in disentangling the effects of nutrients on liver disease, especially NAFLD, in humans.
营养对慢性肝病有深远影响，尤其是非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）。大多数观察性研究和临床试验都集中在总能量摄入，或个别宏量营养素和某些微量营养素（如维生素 D）的摄入对肝病的影响上。尽管这些研究表明了营养对肝脏结果的重要性，但目前还没有一个统一的框架来理解饮食与肝病之间的关系。营养几何框架（GFN）是一种设计营养实验或解释营养数据的创新模型，可确定营养素及其相互作用对动物行为和表型的影响。最近，GFN 提供了关于膳食能量和宏量营养素对肥胖和哺乳动物（包括人类）衰老的关系的见解。使用 GFN 的小鼠研究已经阐明了宏量营养素对脂肪肝和肠道微生物组的影响。GFN 很可能在阐明营养素对人类肝病，特别是非酒精性脂肪性肝病的影响方面发挥重要作用。
