Ruppert Jonathan L W, Docherty Cassandra, Neufeld Kenton, Hamilton Kyle, MacPherson Laura, Poesch Mark S
Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 751 General Services Building, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 2H1.
Alberta Environment and Parks, Fish and Wildlife Division, 6909-116 Street, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6H 4P2.
R Soc Open Sci. 2017 Oct 4;4(10):170400. doi: 10.1098/rsos.170400. eCollection 2017 Oct.
Prussian carp () are one of the most noxious non-native species in Eurasia. Recently, Prussian carp, a non-native freshwater fish species, were genetically confirmed in Alberta, Canada and have been rapidly expanding their range in North America since establishment. Given their rapid range expansion, there is an increasing need to determine how Prussian carp may impact native species. We assessed the severity of the Prussian carp invasion by (i) determining their impact on fish communities, (ii) assessing their impact on benthic invertebrate communities, (iii) evaluating if Prussian carp alter abiotic conditions, and (iv) identifying where we find higher abundances of Prussian carp. When Prussian carp were established, we found significant changes to the fish community. Correspondingly, the degree of impact to benthic invertebrate communities was related to the stage of invasion (none, early or recent), where changes in fish communities were significantly concordant with changes in benthic invertebrate communities. Finally, we found that higher abundances of Prussian carp were significantly associated with lower abundances of a majority of native fish species. Altogether, using three lines of evidence, we determine that Prussian carp can have wide-ranging impacts on freshwater ecosystems in North America, pressing the need for management intervention.
银鲫是欧亚大陆最具危害性的非本地物种之一。最近，一种非本地淡水鱼类银鲫在加拿大艾伯塔省经基因鉴定被发现，自其进入该地区后，在北美洲的分布范围迅速扩大。鉴于其分布范围的快速扩张，越来越有必要确定银鲫可能如何影响本地物种。我们通过以下方式评估了银鲫入侵的严重程度：（i）确定它们对鱼类群落的影响；（ii）评估它们对底栖无脊椎动物群落的影响；（iii）评估银鲫是否改变非生物条件；（iv）确定在哪里发现银鲫的丰度更高。当银鲫在当地定殖后，我们发现鱼类群落发生了显著变化。相应地，对底栖无脊椎动物群落的影响程度与入侵阶段（无、早期或近期）有关，鱼类群落的变化与底栖无脊椎动物群落的变化显著一致。最后，我们发现银鲫的高丰度与大多数本地鱼类物种的低丰度显著相关。总之，通过三条证据线，我们确定银鲫会对北美洲的淡水生态系统产生广泛影响，因此迫切需要进行管理干预。
