Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Nov 15;14(11):1391. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14111391.
With the rapid development of the economy over the past 20 years, the mortality rates from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and respiratory diseases (RDs) have changed in China. This study aimed to analyze the trends of mortality rates and years of life lost (YLLs) from CVDs and RDs in the rural and urban population from 1990 to 2015. Using data from Chinese yearbooks, joinpoint regression analysis was employed to estimate the annual percent change (APC) of mortality rates from CVDs and RDs. YLLs due to CVDs and RDs were calculated by a standard method, adopting recommended standard life expectancy at birth values of 80 years for men and 82.5 years for women. Age-standardized mortality rates and YLL rates were calculated by using the direct method based on the Chinese population from the sixth population census of 2010. Age-standardized mortality rates from CVDs for urban residents and from RDs for both urban and rural residents showed decreasing trends in China from 1990 to 2015. Age-standardized mortality rates from CVDs among rural residents remained constant during above period and outstripped those among urban residents gradually. The age-standardized YLL rates of CVDs for urban and rural residents decreased 35.2% and 8.3% respectively. Additionally, the age-standardized YLL rates of RDs for urban and rural residents decreased 64.2% and 79.0% respectively. The age-standardized mortality and YLL rates from CVDs and RDs gradually decreased in China from 1990 to 2015. We observed more substantial declines of the mortality rates from CVDs in urban areas and from RDs in rural areas.
在过去 20 年经济的快速发展中，中国心血管疾病（CVDs）和呼吸系统疾病（RDs）的死亡率发生了变化。本研究旨在分析 1990 年至 2015 年农村和城市人群 CVD 和 RD 死亡率和损失寿命年（YLL）的趋势。使用中国年鉴的数据，采用 Joinpoint 回归分析估计 CVD 和 RD 死亡率的年变化百分比（APC）。采用标准方法计算 CVD 和 RD 导致的 YLL，采用男性 80 岁和女性 82.5 岁的建议标准出生期望寿命值。基于 2010 年第六次全国人口普查的中国人口，采用直接法计算标准化死亡率和 YLL 率。1990 年至 2015 年，中国城镇居民 CVD 死亡率和城乡居民 RD 死亡率呈下降趋势。在此期间，农村居民 CVD 死亡率保持不变，逐渐超过城镇居民。城乡居民 CVD 的标准化 YLL 率分别下降了 35.2%和 8.3%。此外，城乡居民 RD 的标准化 YLL 率分别下降了 64.2%和 79.0%。1990 年至 2015 年，中国 CVD 和 RDs 的标准化死亡率和 YLL 率逐渐下降。我们观察到城市地区 CVD 死亡率和农村地区 RD 死亡率下降幅度更大。
