Bhasker T Vijay, Gowda N K S, Pal D T, Bhat S Karthik, Krishnamoorthy P, Mondal S, Pattanaik A K, Verma A K
Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India.
Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, India.
PLoS One. 2017 Nov 15;12(11):e0187203. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187203. eCollection 2017.
Little is known about biological significance of effects of dietary Boron (B) and Calcium (Ca) interaction on health and production of farm animals. This is a preliminary investigation to evaluate the effects of B supplementation in lambs fed diets with (normal) or without adequate (low) levels of Ca. Twenty-four crossbred ram lambs were randomly distributed into four groups with six animals each in a 2x2 factorial design namely, normal-Ca diet (NCa) and low-Ca diet (LCa) fed without or with 40 ppm B (NCaB-40 and LCaB-40). The lambs were fed paddy straw and hybrid napier hay-based total mixed ration (60 roughage: 40 concentrate) during 180 days experimental period. Compared to control, the LCa diet lowered (P<0.01) average daily gain of lambs, but B-supplementation (LCaB-40) of the same nullified the effect. The lowered (P<0.05) total antioxidant activity and humoral immune response in lambs fed LCa diet were restored (P>0.05) to become at par with the control (NCa) upon supplementation of B (LCaB-40). The mRNA expression of SOD1 was lowered (P<0.05) due to LCa diet feeding which too was normalized on B-supplementation to become at par (P>0.05) with the control (NCa). Further, B-supplementation restored lowered (P<0.05) SOD1 gene expression on LCa diet, but enhanced (P<0.05) that in NCaB-40 group, when compared to the control (NCa) diet fed animals. However, these variations were not reflected in the SOD activity in the erythrocytes. The cell-mediated immune response was higher (P<0.05) in lambs fed LCa and LCaB-40 groups and there was no significant interaction between the levels of either Ca or B in diets with the period of immune response measurement. B- supplementation of LCa diet ameliorated tissue degenerative changes in liver and kidney. It was concluded that feeding LCa diet to lambs resulted in reduced growth rate, total antioxidant activity, humoral immune response along with degenerative changes in liver and kidney tissues, but B-supplementation of such diet restored most of these changes and ameliorated histopathological alterations.
关于日粮中硼（B）和钙（Ca）相互作用对家畜健康和生产影响的生物学意义，人们了解甚少。这是一项初步研究，旨在评估在饲喂正常或低钙水平日粮的羔羊中补充硼的效果。将24只杂交公羔羊随机分为四组，每组6只，采用2×2析因设计，即不添加或添加40 ppm硼的正常钙日粮（NCaB - 40）和低钙日粮（LCaB - 40）。在180天的试验期内，给羔羊饲喂以稻草和杂交狼尾草干草为基础的全混合日粮（粗饲料∶精饲料 = 60∶40）。与对照组相比，低钙日粮降低了（P<0.01）羔羊的平均日增重，但补充硼（LCaB - 40）消除了这种影响。饲喂低钙日粮的羔羊总抗氧化活性和体液免疫反应降低（P<0.05），补充硼（LCaB - 40）后恢复（P>0.05）至与对照组（NCa）相当。由于饲喂低钙日粮，超氧化物歧化酶1（SOD1）的mRNA表达降低（P<0.05），补充硼后也恢复正常（P>0.05），与对照组（NCa）相当。此外，与饲喂对照（NCa）日粮的动物相比，补充硼恢复了低钙日粮中降低的（P<0.05）SOD1基因表达，但增强了（P<0.05）NCaB - 40组中的表达。然而，这些变化并未反映在红细胞中的超氧化物歧化酶活性上。饲喂低钙组和LCaB - 40组的羔羊细胞介导免疫反应较高（P<0.05），日粮中钙或硼水平与免疫反应测量期之间没有显著相互作用。在低钙日粮中补充硼改善了肝脏和肾脏的组织退行性变化。得出的结论是，给羔羊饲喂低钙日粮会导致生长速度、总抗氧化活性、体液免疫反应降低，同时肝脏和肾脏组织出现退行性变化，但补充硼可恢复这些变化中的大部分，并改善组织病理学改变。
