Roche Madonna M, Wang Peizhong Peter
Research and Evaluation Department, Newfoundland and Labrador Centre for Health Information, 70 O'Leary Avenue, St. John's, NL A1B 2C7, Canada.
Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
J Clin Transl Endocrinol. 2014 Jul 8;1(3):77-84. doi: 10.1016/j.jcte.2014.07.002. eCollection 2014 Sep.
To examine the factors associated with diabetes, a late diabetes diagnosis, and whether these factors are different for males and females.
Cross-sectional study including 7101 individuals aged ≥25 years in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada (466 with diabetes; 332 diagnosed late). Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with a diabetes diagnosis and late diabetes diagnosis.
For males, overweight/obesity (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.06-1.72) was positively associated with diabetes while being a regular/occasional drinker (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.32-0.88) was inversely associated with diabetes. Living in a rural area (HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.01-2.15), receiving social assistance (HR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.52-5.15), having poor self perceived health (HR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.32-3.21), and considering most days stressful (HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.01-2.10) were positively associated with diabetes for females. No factors were significantly associated with a late diabetes diagnosis for males. Having a low education (OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.11-0.99) was inversely associated with a late diabetes diagnosis for females.
Different factors are associated with diabetes for males and females. Disadvantaged females appear to be at the greatest risk. The factors associated with a late diabetes diagnosis were also different for males and females. Females with lower education levels are diagnosed with diabetes earlier than females with higher education levels. Certain risk factors appear to impact males and females differently and more research is needed on how males and females develop diabetes and when they are diagnosed.
研究与糖尿病、糖尿病延迟诊断相关的因素，以及这些因素在男性和女性中是否存在差异。
对加拿大纽芬兰与拉布拉多省7101名年龄≥25岁的个体进行横断面研究（466例患有糖尿病；332例为延迟诊断）。采用逻辑回归分析确定与糖尿病诊断和糖尿病延迟诊断相关的因素。
对于男性，超重/肥胖（风险比[HR]，1.35；95%置信区间[CI]，1.06 - 1.72）与糖尿病呈正相关，而经常/偶尔饮酒者（HR，0.53；95% CI，0.32 - 0.88）与糖尿病呈负相关。对于女性，居住在农村地区（HR，1.47；95% CI，1.01 - 2.15）、接受社会援助（HR，2.80；95% CI，1.52 - 5.15）、自我感觉健康状况差（HR，2.06；95% CI，1.32 - 3.21）以及认为大多数日子压力大（HR，1.45；95% CI，1.01 - 2.10）与糖尿病呈正相关。没有因素与男性的糖尿病延迟诊断显著相关。低教育水平（比值比[OR]，0.33；95% CI，0.11 - 0.99）与女性的糖尿病延迟诊断呈负相关。
男性和女性与糖尿病相关的因素不同。处于不利地位的女性似乎风险最大。与糖尿病延迟诊断相关的因素在男性和女性中也不同。教育水平较低的女性比教育水平较高的女性更早被诊断出患有糖尿病。某些风险因素对男性和女性的影响似乎不同，需要更多关于男性和女性如何患糖尿病以及何时被诊断的研究。
