Marmot Michael
Institute of Health Equity, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK.
Scand J Public Health. 2017 Nov;45(7):723-731. doi: 10.1177/1403494817717433.
One way of characterising the good society is one that has achieved a high degree of health equity. For a low-income country, one route to this achievement is to increase national income. But other features of society come to the fore, for low, middle and high-income societies alike. In England, my review of health inequalities highlighted: good early child development, education and life long learning, employment and working conditions, having enough income to lead a healthy life, healthy and sustainable places to live and work, taking a social determinants approach to prevention. Taking action on these requires commitment and cross-government action.
界定美好社会的一种方式是,该社会已实现高度的健康公平。对于低收入国家而言,实现这一目标的一条途径是增加国民收入。但对于低收入、中等收入和高收入社会来说,社会的其他特征也变得至关重要。在英国,我对健康不平等现象的审查强调了以下几点:良好的儿童早期发展、教育和终身学习、就业与工作条件、拥有足以过上健康生活的收入、健康且可持续的生活和工作场所、采取社会决定因素方法进行预防。针对这些方面采取行动需要政府各部门的共同承诺与行动。