Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
Curr Med Chem. 2018;25(33):3973-3987. doi: 10.2174/0929867324666171121101245.
Cancer is a widespread disease characterized by high mortality. To improve the survival rate or facilitate effective therapy, accurate and reliable diagnosis at an early stage is needed. For this reason, there is a continuous push to develop sensitive methods which can be used in cancer diagnosis. Current diagnosis relies on the quantification of cancer biomarkers defined as molecules that are measurable in body fluids or tissues and indicate a change in physiological processes with subsequent pathological manifestations. This contribution reviews recent developments in the area of electrochemical immunosensors applicable for the detection of cancer biomarkers that occur in a wide concentration range including extremely low levels, which are typical for the early stage of the disease. A summary of various antibody labels used for biomarker analysis and combined with electrochemical detection is presented. The potential of multiple biomarker analysis, with its indisputable clinical impact for accurate diagnosis, is also highlighted.
癌症是一种具有高死亡率的广泛疾病。为了提高生存率或促进有效治疗，需要在早期进行准确和可靠的诊断。出于这个原因，人们一直在不断努力开发能够用于癌症诊断的敏感方法。目前的诊断依赖于癌症生物标志物的定量，这些标志物被定义为可在体液或组织中测量的分子，它们表明生理过程发生变化，随后出现病理表现。本综述介绍了电化学免疫传感器在检测癌症生物标志物方面的最新进展，这些生物标志物的浓度范围很广，包括极低水平，这是疾病早期的典型特征。总结了用于生物标志物分析并与电化学检测相结合的各种抗体标记物。还强调了多种生物标志物分析的潜力，它对准确诊断具有不可争议的临床影响。
