Tynan Michael A, Reimels Elizabeth, Tucker Jennifer, King Brian A
Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017 Nov 24;66(46):1265-1268. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6646a1.
Exposure to secondhand smoke from burning tobacco products causes premature death and disease, including coronary heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer among nonsmoking adults and sudden infant death syndrome, acute respiratory infections, middle ear disease, exacerbated asthma, respiratory symptoms, and decreased lung function in children (1,2). The U.S. Surgeon General has concluded that there is no risk-free level of exposure to secondhand smoke (1). Previous CDC reports on airport smoke-free policies found that most large-hub airports in the United States prohibit smoking (3); however, the extent of smoke-free policies at airports globally has not been assessed. CDC assessed smoke-free policies at the world's 50 busiest airports (airports with the highest number of passengers traveling through an airport in a year) as of August 2017; approximately 2.7 billion travelers pass through these 50 airports each year (4). Among these airports, 23 (46%) completely prohibit smoking indoors, including five of the 10 busiest airports. The remaining 27 airports continue to allow smoking in designated smoking areas. Designated or ventilated smoking areas can cause involuntary secondhand smoke exposure among nonsmoking travelers and airport employees. Smoke-free policies at the national, city, or airport authority levels can protect employees and travelers from secondhand smoke inside airports.
接触燃烧烟草制品产生的二手烟会导致过早死亡和疾病,包括非吸烟成年人中的冠心病、中风和肺癌,以及儿童中的婴儿猝死综合征、急性呼吸道感染、中耳疾病、哮喘加重、呼吸道症状和肺功能下降(1,2)。美国卫生局局长得出结论,不存在无风险接触二手烟的水平(1)。美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)此前关于机场无烟政策的报告发现,美国大多数大型枢纽机场都禁止吸烟(3);然而,全球机场无烟政策的范围尚未得到评估。CDC评估了截至2017年8月全球最繁忙的50个机场(每年通过机场的旅客数量最多的机场)的无烟政策;每年约有27亿旅客通过这50个机场(4)。在这些机场中,23个(46%)完全禁止在室内吸烟,其中包括10个最繁忙机场中的5个。其余27个机场继续允许在指定吸烟区吸烟。指定或通风的吸烟区会导致非吸烟旅客和机场员工非自愿接触二手烟。国家、城市或机场管理部门层面的无烟政策可以保护员工和旅客在机场内免受二手烟危害。