Waller A E, Baker S P, Szocka A
Injury Prevention Center, Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205.
Am J Public Health. 1989 Mar;79(3):310-5. doi: 10.2105/ajph.79.3.310.
Twenty-three causes of injury mortality in children ages 0-14 in the United States were analyzed by age, race, sex, and state of residence for the years 1980-85. Motor vehicles caused 37 per cent of all injury-related deaths and were the leading cause of injury mortality in every group except children younger than one year, for whom homicide was the leading cause. Male death rates were at least four times female rates for suicide, unintentional firearm injury, and injuries related to farm machinery or motorcycles. The drowning rate among Whites was almost twice that of Blacks for ages 1-4, but in the 10-14 year age group the drowning rate for Blacks was over three times that of Whites. In general, the highest injury death rates were in the mountain states and the south. Between 1980 and 1985, the suicide rate in the 10-14 year age group more than doubled.
对1980 - 1985年间美国0至14岁儿童的23种伤害致死原因按年龄、种族、性别及居住州进行了分析。机动车导致了37%的与伤害相关的死亡，是除1岁以下儿童外所有群体中伤害致死的主要原因，1岁以下儿童的主要致死原因是他杀。在自杀、非故意枪支伤害以及与农业机械或摩托车相关的伤害方面，男性死亡率至少是女性死亡率的四倍。1至4岁白人溺水率几乎是黑人的两倍，但在10至14岁年龄组中，黑人溺水率是白人的三倍多。总体而言，伤害死亡率最高的是山区各州和南部地区。1980年至1985年间，10至14岁年龄组的自杀率增长了一倍多。
