Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Regensburg, Germany.
Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Biofactors. 2018 Jan;44(1):83-90. doi: 10.1002/biof.1396. Epub 2017 Nov 23.
Resveratrol is a natural phytoestrogen with neuroprotective properties. Polyphenolic compounds including resveratrol exert in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiamyloid effects. Resveratrol and its derivative pterostilbene are able to cross the blood-brain barrier and to influence brain activity. The present short review summarizes the available evidence regarding the effects of these polyphenols on pathology and cognition in animal models and human subjects with dementia. Numerous investigations in cellular and mammalian models have associated resveratrol and pterostilbene with protection against dementia syndromes such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia. The neuroprotective activity of resveratrol and pterostilbene demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo studies suggests a promising role for these compounds in the prevention and treatment of dementia. In comparison to resveratrol, pterostilbene appears to be more effective in combatting brain changes associated with aging. This may be attributed to the more lipophilic nature of pterostilbene with its two methoxyl groups compared with the two hydroxyl groups of resveratrol. The findings of available intervention trials of resveratrol in individuals with mild cognitive impairment or AD do not provide evidence of neuroprotective or therapeutic effects. Future clinical trials should be conducted with long-term exposure to preparations of resveratrol and pterostilbene with high bioavailability. © 2017 BioFactors, 44(1):83-90, 2018.
白藜芦醇是一种具有神经保护特性的天然植物雌激素。包括白藜芦醇在内的多酚化合物具有体外抗氧化、抗炎和抗淀粉样蛋白作用。白藜芦醇及其衍生物紫檀芪能够穿透血脑屏障并影响大脑活动。本综述总结了这些多酚类物质对动物模型和痴呆症人类受试者的病理和认知的影响的现有证据。大量的细胞和哺乳动物模型研究将白藜芦醇和紫檀芪与预防阿尔茨海默病（AD）和血管性痴呆等痴呆综合征联系起来。在体外和体内研究中，白藜芦醇和紫檀芪表现出的神经保护活性表明这些化合物在预防和治疗痴呆症方面具有很有前途的作用。与白藜芦醇相比，紫檀芪在对抗与衰老相关的大脑变化方面似乎更有效。这可能归因于紫檀芪比白藜芦醇具有更多的脂溶性，其两个甲氧基与白藜芦醇的两个羟基相比。在轻度认知障碍或 AD 个体中进行的白藜芦醇干预试验的结果并未提供神经保护或治疗效果的证据。未来的临床试验应在长期接触具有高生物利用度的白藜芦醇和紫檀芪制剂的情况下进行。©2017 BioFactors，44（1）：83-90，2018。
