Tomás Jose M, Pinazo-Hernandis Sacramento, Donio-Bellegarde Mónica, Hontangas Pedro M
Universitat de Valencia, València, Spain.
Eur J Ageing. 2017 Mar 9;14(4):429-437. doi: 10.1007/s10433-017-0417-4. eCollection 2017 Dec.
Loneliness is a subjective measure of one's state of mind and the negative feelings about one's level of social contact, which usually involves an unwanted discrepancy between existing and desired relationships. It is measured through self-reported questionnaires, among which a widely used one is the de Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS). Although it has been previously tested and proven to be a reliable tool for measuring loneliness of Spanish older people, some relevant research questions remain unsolved. Therefore, this article aims to present a validity study of the Spanish version of the DJGLS for its use with older people, by establishing its factorial validity; studying the adequateness of a Rasch model underlying participants' responses; offering evidence of its reliability; and testing for convergent and discriminant validity. Data were obtained in a survey conducted with older adults attending Lifelong Learning programs in Valencia (Spain). The sample consisted of 335 people aged 55 years or older. Sociodemographic data were collected, and loneliness was measured with the DJGLS and the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Results have supported a unidimensional substantive structure, but with minor method effects associated with negatively worded items. In terms of multidimensional IRT analysis, the 2 Parameters Logistic Model fitted the data well and offered better information functions than the Rasch model. Reliability and criterion-related validity estimates were adequate.
孤独是对一个人心理状态的主观衡量，以及对其社交接触水平的负面感受，这通常涉及到现有关系与期望关系之间不必要的差异。它通过自我报告问卷来衡量，其中广泛使用的一种是德容·吉尔维尔德孤独量表（DJGLS）。尽管该量表此前已经过测试，并被证明是测量西班牙老年人孤独感的可靠工具，但一些相关研究问题仍未得到解决。因此，本文旨在通过确立其因子效度、研究潜在的拉施模型对参与者回答的适配性、提供其信度证据以及检验其收敛效度和区分效度，对DJGLS西班牙语版本用于老年人的效度进行研究。数据是在对西班牙巴伦西亚参加终身学习项目的老年人进行的一项调查中获得的。样本由335名55岁及以上的人组成。收集了社会人口统计学数据，并用DJGLS和加州大学洛杉矶分校孤独量表测量了孤独感。结果支持了单维实质性结构，但与负面措辞项目相关的方法效应较小。在多维项目反应理论分析方面，两参数逻辑斯蒂模型对数据拟合良好，并且比拉施模型提供了更好的信息函数。信度和与标准相关的效度估计是充分的。
