比较来自 6 项竞技运动的大量美国大学生体育协会女性运动员的身体成分变量。
Comparison of Body Composition Variables Across a Large Sample of National Collegiate Athletic Association Women Athletes From 6 Competitive Sports.
机构信息
Health and Human Performance, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia.
Kinesiology, Exercise Physiology Laboratory, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama.
出版信息
J Strength Cond Res. 2018 Sep;32(9):2452-2457. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002234.
Fields, JB, Metoyer, CJ, Casey, JC, Esco, MR, Jagim, AR, and Jones, MT. Comparison of body composition variables across a large sample of National Collegiate Athletic Association women athletes from 6 competitive sports. J Strength Cond Res 32(9): 2452-2457, 2018-Body composition (BC) plays a critical role in sport performance and athlete health. Body size and BC have been widely studied in men's sports, with reported changes observed over time. However, a paucity of current data exists in women athletes. The purpose of this descriptive study was to measure and compare BC data for collegiate women athletes from 6 competitive sports. A total of 524 athletes from 2 National Collegiate Athletic Association institutions participated: basketball (BB; n = 95), gymnastics (GYM; n = 42), lacrosse (LAX; n = 81), rowing (ROW; n = 57), soccer (SOC; n = 188), and volleyball (VB; n = 61). Body height (BH) and body mass (BM) were measured using a stadiometer and calibrated digital scale, respectively. Body fat percentage (BF%), fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) were assessed using air displacement plethysmography. One-way analysis of variance was used to assess differences across sports. Least squares difference post hoc analyses were performed when a significant finding (p ≤ 0.05) was identified. ROW had the highest BF% (29.9 ± 6.1%) and BB the greatest FFM (57.2 ± 6.1 kg). GYM had the lowest BM (58.9 ± 5.3 kg), FM (11.6 ± 2.6 kg), and BH (158.73 ± 2.13 cm). LAX, SOC, and VB had similar BF%. Body height was greatest for BB and VB (177.92 ± 7.55 cm, 176.79 ± 7.36 cm, respectively). These data may assist in the establishment of descriptive values for use in goal setting and exercise programming. The current data demonstrate a trend toward increased body size and BC from previous research.
菲尔德斯、J·B、梅托耶、C·J、凯西、J·C、埃斯科、M·R、贾吉姆、A·R 和琼斯、M·T。来自 6 项竞技运动的大量美国大学生体育协会女性运动员的身体成分变量比较。《力量与体能研究杂志》32（9）：2452-2457，2018 年——身体成分（BC）在运动表现和运动员健康中起着至关重要的作用。男性运动项目中广泛研究了体型和 BC，并且随着时间的推移观察到了变化。然而，女性运动员的数据却很少。本描述性研究的目的是测量和比较来自 6 项竞技运动的大学生女性运动员的 BC 数据。共有来自 2 所美国大学生体育协会机构的 524 名运动员参加：篮球（BB；n = 95）、体操（GYM；n = 42）、曲棍球（LAX；n = 81）、赛艇（ROW；n = 57）、足球（SOC；n = 188）和排球（VB；n = 61）。使用测高仪测量身高（BH），使用校准数字秤测量体重（BM）。使用空气置换体积描记法评估体脂肪百分比（BF%）、脂肪量（FM）和去脂体重（FFM）。使用单因素方差分析评估运动项目之间的差异。当发现显著差异（p≤0.05）时，进行最小二乘差异事后分析。ROW 的 BF%（29.9±6.1%）最高，BB 的 FFM（57.2±6.1kg）最大。GYM 的 BM（58.9±5.3kg）、FM（11.6±2.6kg）和 BH（158.73±2.13cm）最低。LAX、SOC 和 VB 的 BF%相似。BB 和 VB 的身高最高（177.92±7.55cm，176.79±7.36cm）。这些数据可能有助于确定目标设定和运动方案中使用的描述性值。目前的数据表明，身体大小和 BC 呈增加趋势，与之前的研究一致。
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