Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Molecules. 2017 Nov 30;22(12):2103. doi: 10.3390/molecules22122103.
Nanoparticle/metal-organic frameworks (MOF) based composites have recently attracted significant attention as a new class of catalysts. Such composites possess the unique features of MOFs (including clearly defined crystal structure, high surface area, single site catalyst, special confined nanopore, tunable, and uniform pore structure), but avoid some intrinsic weaknesses (like limited electrical conductivity and lack in the "conventional" catalytically active sites). This review summarizes the developed strategies for the fabrication of nanoparticle/MOF composites for catalyst uses, including the strategy using MOFs as host materials to hold and stabilize the guest nanoparticles, the strategy with subsequent MOF growth/assembly around pre-synthesized nanoparticles and the strategy mixing the precursors of NPs and MOFs together, followed by self-assembly process or post-treatment or post-modification. The applications of nanoparticle/MOF composites for CO oxidation, CO₂ conversion, hydrogen production, organic transformations, and degradation of pollutants have been discussed. Superior catalytic performances in these reactions have been demonstrated. Challenges and future developments are finally addressed.
基于纳米粒子/金属-有机骨架（MOF）的复合材料作为一类新型催化剂最近引起了广泛关注。此类复合材料具有 MOF 的独特特性（包括明确的晶体结构、高表面积、单原子催化剂、特殊受限纳米孔、可调节和均匀的孔结构），但避免了一些内在的弱点（如有限的导电性和缺乏“传统”的催化活性位）。本综述总结了用于催化剂用途的纳米粒子/ MOF 复合材料的制备策略，包括使用 MOF 作为主体材料来容纳和稳定客体纳米粒子的策略、在预合成的纳米粒子周围随后进行 MOF 生长/组装的策略以及将 NPs 和 MOF 的前体混合在一起，然后进行自组装过程或后处理或后修饰的策略。讨论了纳米粒子/ MOF 复合材料在 CO 氧化、CO₂转化、制氢、有机转化和污染物降解中的应用。这些反应中表现出优异的催化性能。最后讨论了挑战和未来发展。
