Melo Ingrid Sofia Vieira de, Costa Clara Andrezza Crisóstomo Bezerra, Santos João Victor Laurindo Dos, Santos Aldenir Feitosa Dos, Florêncio Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo, Bueno Nassib Bezerra
Departament of agroindustry, Federal Institute of Alagoas (IFAL), Murici, Alagoas, Brazil.
Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2017 Nov 30;12(11):e0188401. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188401. eCollection 2017.
The consumption of ultra-processed foods may be associated with the development of chronic diseases, both in adults and in children/adolescents. This consumption is growing worldwide, especially in low and middle-income countries. Nevertheless, its magnitude in small, poor cities from the countryside is not well characterized, especially in adolescents. This study aimed to assess the consumption of minimally processed, processed and ultra-processed foods by adolescents from a poor Brazilian city and to determine if it was associated with excess weight, high waist circumference and high blood pressure.
Cross-sectional study, conducted at a public federal school that offers technical education together with high school, located in the city of Murici. Adolescents of both sexes and aged between 14-19 years old were included. Anthropometric characteristics (weight, height, waist circumference), blood pressure, and dietary intake data were assessed. Associations were calculated using Poisson regression models, adjusted by sex and age.
At total, 249 adolescents were included, being 55.8% girls, with a mean age of 16 years-old. The consumption of minimally processed foods was inversely associated with excess weight (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio: 0.61, 95% Confidence Interval: [0.39-0.96], P = 0.03). Although the consumption of ultra-processed foods was not associated with excess weight, high blood pressure and high waist circumference, 46.2% of the sample reported eating these products more than weekly.
Consumption of minimally processed food is inversely associated with excess weight in adolescents. Investments in nutritional education aiming the prevention of chronic diseases associated with the consumption of these foods are necessary.
超加工食品的消费可能与成人以及儿童/青少年慢性病的发生有关。这种消费在全球范围内呈增长趋势，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家。然而，在农村贫困小城市中其规模尚未得到充分描述，特别是在青少年中。本研究旨在评估巴西一个贫困城市青少年对最低限度加工、加工和超加工食品的消费情况，并确定其是否与超重、高腰围和高血压有关。
在位于穆里西市的一所提供技术教育和高中教育的公立联邦学校进行横断面研究。纳入年龄在14 - 19岁之间的男女青少年。评估人体测量特征（体重、身高、腰围）、血压和饮食摄入数据。使用泊松回归模型计算关联，并按性别和年龄进行调整。
总共纳入了249名青少年，其中55.8%为女孩，平均年龄为16岁。最低限度加工食品的消费与超重呈负相关（调整后的患病率比：0.61，95%置信区间：[0.39 - 0.96]，P = 0.03）。虽然超加工食品的消费与超重、高血压和高腰围无关，但46.2%的样本报告每周食用这些产品超过一次。
青少年最低限度加工食品的消费与超重呈负相关。有必要投资于营养教育，以预防与这些食品消费相关的慢性病。
