Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine.
Division Cancer Prevention, Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2017 Dec;31(8):922-943. doi: 10.1037/adb0000326.
The rates of co-occurring cannabis and tobacco use are higher among African Americans relative to other racial/ethnic groups. One plausible approach to treating co-use among African Americans is to examine the effectiveness of treatments for the sole use of cannabis and tobacco to identify effective approaches that might be combined to treat the dual use of these substances. The current meta-analysis sought to include studies that reported cannabis and/or tobacco use outcomes from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with 100% African American samples. A total of 843 articles were considered for inclusion, 29 were reviewed by independent qualitative coders, and 22 were included in the review. There were no articles on cannabis use treatment with a 100% African American sample, resulting in a need to lower the threshold (60%) and conduct a scoping review of cannabis studies. Preliminary evidence from a small number of studies (k = 7) supports the use of Motivational Interviewing and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy to treat cannabis use among African Americans, but not Contingency Management. Results from a meta-analysis of 15 tobacco studies found higher rates of smoking abstinence in the treatment condition relative to control conditions overall and across short and long-term follow-up periods. Significant differences in smoking abstinence were also found when examining the effects of pharmacological treatments relative to their control conditions. The clinical and research implications of these findings for future psychosocial and pharmacological trials for cannabis and tobacco use and co-use among African Americans are described. (PsycINFO Database Record
非裔美国人同时使用大麻和烟草的比率高于其他种族/族裔群体。一种治疗非裔美国人共同使用的合理方法是研究仅用于大麻和烟草的治疗方法的有效性，以确定可能联合用于治疗这些物质双重使用的有效方法。目前的荟萃分析旨在纳入报告随机临床试验 (RCT) 中仅使用大麻和/或烟草结局的研究，这些研究的样本均为 100%非裔美国人。共有 843 篇文章被认为可纳入，其中 29 篇由独立定性编码员进行了审查，22 篇被纳入了综述。没有关于 100%非裔美国人样本的大麻使用治疗的文章，因此需要降低门槛（60%）并对大麻研究进行范围综述。来自少数研究（k=7）的初步证据支持使用动机性访谈和认知行为疗法来治疗非裔美国人的大麻使用，但不支持使用应急管理。对 15 项烟草研究的荟萃分析结果发现，治疗组的吸烟戒断率总体上高于对照组，在短期和长期随访期间也是如此。当比较药物治疗与对照条件的效果时，也发现了吸烟戒断的显著差异。描述了这些发现对未来非裔美国人的大麻和烟草使用及共同使用的心理社会和药物试验的临床和研究意义。
