Endriyas Misganu, Eshete Akine, Mekonnen Emebet, Misganaw Tebeje, Shiferaw Mekonnen, Ayele Sinafikish
Health Research and Technology Transfer Support Process, SNNPR Health Bureau, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.
Contracept Reprod Med. 2017 Feb 2;2:10. doi: 10.1186/s40834-016-0036-z. eCollection 2017.
Though contraceptive utilization has comprehensive benefit for women, it was one of underutilized public intervention in Ethiopia and in the study area. Thus, assessing status and factors affecting contraceptive utilization among women of reproductive age group was found key step for program improvement.
Community based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April, 2015 in Southern Nations and Nationalities Peoples' Region, Ethiopia. A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 3205 study subjects. Study used both quantitative and qualitative methods. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20 was used to analyze quantitative data. The association between variables was determined using odds ratio at 95% confidence interval.
Contraceptive utilization was 53.3% among women of reproductive age groups. Nearly three fourth, (73.6%), of current users were using short-term contraceptive methods. Factors associated with contraception utilization were overall knowledge of and attitude towards contraceptives, age, residence, number of alive children, experience of child death, marital status and deciding number of children. Contraceptive utilization was also affected by various misconceptions.
Contraceptive utilization was below national Health Sector Development Program IV target. Program implementers need to address socio-cultural barriers. Gender myths and specific roles and power inequalities that can function as a barrier to contraceptive utilization should be assessed.
尽管避孕措施的使用对女性具有全面益处，但在埃塞俄比亚及研究地区，它却是未得到充分利用的公共干预措施之一。因此，评估育龄妇女避孕措施的使用状况及影响因素被视为改善该项目的关键步骤。
2015年3月至4月在埃塞俄比亚南方各族州开展了基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法选取了3205名研究对象。研究采用了定量和定性两种方法。使用社会科学统计软件包第20版分析定量数据。变量之间的关联通过95%置信区间的比值比来确定。
育龄妇女的避孕措施使用率为53.3%。近四分之三（73.6%）的当前使用者采用的是短期避孕方法。与避孕措施使用相关的因素包括对避孕措施的总体认知和态度、年龄、居住地、存活子女数量、子女死亡经历、婚姻状况以及生育子女数量的决定。避孕措施的使用还受到各种误解的影响。
避孕措施使用率低于国家卫生部门发展计划四的目标。项目实施者需要解决社会文化障碍。应评估可能成为避孕措施使用障碍的性别误区、特定角色及权力不平等问题。
