Tiwari Shalini, Lata Charu, Chauhan Puneet Singh, Prasad Vivek, Prasad Manoj
CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226001, India.
Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, India.
Curr Genomics. 2017 Dec;18(6):469-482. doi: 10.2174/1389202918666170605083319.
Drought stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses that negatively influence crop performance and productivity. Plants acclimatize to drought stress conditions through altered molecular, biochemical and physiological responses. Gene and/or protein expression and regulation are thought to be modulated upon stress perception and signal transduction for providing requisite endurance to plants.Plant growth regulators or phytohormones are important molecules required for various biological processes in plants and are also central to stress signalling pathways. Among various phytohormones, Abscisic Acid (ABA) and Ethylene (ET) are considered to be the most vital growth regulators implicated in drought stress signalling and tolerance. Besides the above two known classical phytohormones, Salicylic Acid (SA) and Jasmonic Acid (JA) have also been found to potentially enhance abiotic stress tolerance particularly that of drought, salinity, and heat stress tolerance in plants. Apart from these several other growth regulators such as Cytokinins (CKs), Auxin (AUX), Gibberellic Acid (GA), Brassinosteroids (BRs) and Strigolactones (SLs) have also been reported to actively participate in abiotic stress responses and tolerance in plants. The abiotic stress signalling in plants regulated by these hormones further depends upon the nature, intensity, and duration of exposure to various environmental stresses. It has been reported that all these phytohormones are also involved in extensive crosstalk and signal transduction among themselves and/or with other factors.
This review thus summarizes the molecular mechanism of drought signalling and its crosstalk with various phytohormone signalling pathways implicated in abiotic stress response and tolerance.
干旱胁迫是对作物生长性能和生产力产生负面影响的最重要非生物胁迫之一。植物通过改变分子、生化和生理反应来适应干旱胁迫条件。基因和/或蛋白质的表达与调控被认为在胁迫感知和信号转导后受到调节，从而为植物提供必要的耐受性。植物生长调节剂或植物激素是植物各种生物学过程所需的重要分子，也是胁迫信号通路的核心。在各种植物激素中，脱落酸（ABA）和乙烯（ET）被认为是参与干旱胁迫信号传导和耐受性的最重要生长调节剂。除了上述两种已知的经典植物激素外，还发现水杨酸（SA）和茉莉酸（JA）可能增强植物对非生物胁迫的耐受性，特别是干旱、盐度和热胁迫耐受性。除了这些，还报道了其他几种生长调节剂，如细胞分裂素（CKs）、生长素（AUX）、赤霉素（GA）、油菜素内酯（BRs）和独脚金内酯（SLs）也积极参与植物对非生物胁迫的反应和耐受性。这些激素调节的植物非生物胁迫信号传导进一步取决于暴露于各种环境胁迫的性质、强度和持续时间。据报道，所有这些植物激素在它们自身之间和/或与其他因素之间也参与广泛的相互作用和信号转导。
因此，本综述总结了干旱信号传导的分子机制及其与参与非生物胁迫反应和耐受性的各种植物激素信号通路的相互作用。
