Erythrocyte-Membrane-Coated Prussian Blue/Manganese Dioxide Nanoparticles as HO-Responsive Oxygen Generators To Enhance Cancer Chemotherapy/Photothermal Therapy.

Because of the nontargeting release of anticancer drugs, conventional chemotherapy results in serious side effects and poor therapeutic outcomes. In addition, hypoxia situation in the tumor microenvironment also promotes the growth and metastasis of tumors. Multifunctional nanocarriers with stimuli-activation and hypoxia-relieving properties can help overcome some of these limitations. In this study, we have constructed a nanocarrier which is named PBMn-DOX@RBC. A Prussian blue/manganese dioxide (PBMn) nanoparticle is used as an oxygen precursor or catalyzer for HO activation, and a red blood cell (RBC) membrane is used to increase the loading capacity of doxorubicin (DOX) and prolong the circulation time in vivo. HO is overproduced in tumor tissues and tumor cells. It can be used as a stimulus to activate drug release. In the presence of HO, the hypoxia inside the tumors is relieved by the administration of PBMn-DOX@RBC. The generated oxygen disrupts the RBC coated on the surface of PBMn, which accelerates the release of DOX. RBCs also prolong the circulation time of the nanometer system in vivo. By combining the photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemotherapy, the tumor growth inhibition mediated by PBMn-DOX@RBC is further enhanced. PBMn-DOX@RBC fulfills the demands to relieve tumor hypoxia and enhance cancer chemotherapy/PTT.