Hirayama T
Institute of Preventive Oncology, Tokyo, Japan.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1989;23 Suppl:S114-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00647254.
A large-scale cohort study in Japan (1966-1982) of life styles and primary liver cancer in men (123 out of 1,709,273 person-years) revealed a close association with cigarette smoking comparable to that for lung cancer, the relative risk (r.r.) for those smoking 1-29 and 30 or more cigarettes daily being 3.09 (1.78-5.35), 6.83 (3.56-13.10) for liver cancer, and 4.45 (3.77-5.25), 6.80 (5.51-8.41) for lung cancer, respectively. For liver cirrhosis, daily cigarette smoking was of less importance compared to daily alcohol drinking, r.r. = 1.17 (1.00-1.36) and 1.82 (1.63-2.04). However, for liver cancer, the risk from daily cigarette smoking was much higher than from daily alcohol drinking, r.r. = 3.14 (1.82-5.42) and 1.89 (1.40-2.55). The risk of liver cancer among the liver cirrhosis cases was therefore calculated as 2.67 (1.49-4.79) for daily cigarette smokers and 1.00 (0.72-1.38) for daily alcohol drinkers. These results must be of special importance in interpreting the reason for the increasing, unique mortality trend of liver cancer in men in recent years in Japan.
日本一项针对男性生活方式与原发性肝癌的大规模队列研究（1966 - 1982年）（1709273人年中有123例）显示，吸烟与肝癌的关联程度与肺癌相当，每日吸烟1 - 29支和30支及以上者患肝癌的相对风险（r.r.）分别为3.09（1.78 - 5.35）和6.83（3.56 - 13.10），患肺癌的相对风险分别为4.45（3.77 - 5.25）和6.80（5.51 - 8.41）。对于肝硬化，与每日饮酒相比，每日吸烟的重要性较低，r.r. = 1.17（1.00 - 1.36）和1.82（1.63 - 2.04）。然而，对于肝癌，每日吸烟的风险远高于每日饮酒，r.r. = 3.14（1.82 - 5.42）和1.89（1.40 - 2.55）。因此，肝硬化患者中，每日吸烟者患肝癌的风险为2.67（1.49 - 4.79），每日饮酒者为1.00（0.72 - 1.38）。这些结果对于解释近年来日本男性肝癌死亡率上升且独特的原因必定具有特殊重要意义。
