Farías Cristian, Pinto Victor A, Moya Pablo S
Departamento de Ciencias Matemáticas y Físicas, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile.
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Sci Rep. 2017 Dec 15;7(1):17657. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-17526-4.
The construction of a relativistic thermodynamics theory is still controversial after more than 110 years. To the date there is no agreement on which set of relativistic transformations of thermodynamic quantities is the correct one, or if the problem even has a solution. Starting from Planck and Einstein, several authors have proposed their own reasoning, concluding that a moving body could appear cooler, hotter or at the same temperature as measured by a local observer. In this article we present a review of the main theories of relativistic thermodynamics, with an special emphasis on the physical assumptions adopted by each one. We also present a set of relativistic transformations that we have derived by assuming the laws of Thermodynamics to be covariant. We found that under such assumptions a moving body appears to be hotter. Since relativistic thermodynamics is a topic that can be treated as part of an undergraduate course of classical thermodynamics or modern physics, the review and our own derivations presented here aim to encourage undergraduate physics students to open a discussion on the fundamental assumptions in thermodynamics and to engage in research activities early in their scientific career.
在过去的110多年里，相对论热力学理论的构建一直存在争议。时至今日，对于哪一组热力学量的相对论变换是正确的，或者这个问题是否有解，尚无定论。从普朗克和爱因斯坦开始，几位作者提出了他们自己的推理，得出的结论是，一个运动的物体可能看起来比当地观察者测量的温度更冷、更热或相同。在本文中，我们对相对论热力学的主要理论进行了综述，特别强调了每种理论所采用的物理假设。我们还提出了一组通过假设热力学定律是协变的而推导出来的相对论变换。我们发现，在这样的假设下，一个运动的物体看起来会更热。由于相对论热力学是一个可以作为经典热力学或现代物理本科课程一部分来处理的主题，这里给出的综述和我们自己的推导旨在鼓励本科物理学生就热力学的基本假设展开讨论，并在他们的科学职业生涯早期就参与研究活动。
